Nutrient contents of kale (Brassica oleraceae L. var. acephala DC.)

Ayaz, Faik Ahmet; Glew, Robert H.; Millson, M.; Huang, Huifang; Chuang, Lu-Te; Sanz, Carlos; Hayırlıoğlu-Ayaz, Sema

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.03.011

Cited by 131 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Regarding B. oleracea var. acephala, only citric and malic acids were previously reported in the leaves (Ayaz et al, 2006).…”

Section: Organic Acids In the Inflorescencesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…rapa (Fernandes et al, 2007;Liang et al, 2006), referring distinct profiles between them. Recent publications also report the organic acids (Ayaz et al, 2006;Fernandes et al, 2007;Ferreres et al, 2007Ferreres et al, , 2006Sousa et al, 2005) and the antioxidant potential (Fernandes et al, 2007;Ferreres et al, 2007Ferreres et al, , 2006Heimler et al, 2006;Vrchovská et al, 2006) of these three species. However, information regarding their inflorescences is almost non-existent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Inflorescences of Brassicacea species as source of bioactive compounds: A comparative study

et al. 2008

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a b s t r a c tTwo Brassica oleracea varieties (B. oleracea L. var. costata DC and B. oleracea L. var. acephala) and Brassica rapa L. var. rapa inflorescences were studied for their chemical composition and antioxidant capacity. Phenolic compounds and organic acids profiles were determined by HPLC-DAD and HPLC-UV, respectively. B. oleracea var. costata and B. oleracea L. var. acephala inflorescences presented a similar qualitative phenolic composition, exhibiting several complex kaempferol derivatives and 3-p-coumaroylquinic acid, while B. rapa var. rapa was characterized by kaempferol and isorhamnetin glycosides and several phenolic acids derivatives. B. oleracea L. var. costata and B. rapa var. rapa showed the highest phenolics content. The three Brassica exhibited the same six organic acids (aconitic, citric, pyruvic, malic, shikimic and fumaric acids), but B. oleracea L. var. acephala presented a considerably higher amount. Each inflorescence was investigated for its capacity to act as a scavenger of DPPH radical and reactive oxygen species (superoxide radical, hydroxyl radical and hypochlorous acid), exhibiting antioxidant capacity in a concentration dependent manner against all radicals. These samples were also studied for its antimicrobial potential against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi, displaying antimicrobial capacity only against Gram-positive bacteria.

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“…Regarding B. oleracea var. acephala, only citric and malic acids were previously reported in the leaves (Ayaz et al, 2006).…”

Section: Organic Acids In the Inflorescencesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Inflorescences of Brassicacea species as source of bioactive compounds: A comparative study

et al. 2008

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“…Kale plants are robust and can tolerate cold temperatures, even -18°C (Steindal et al, 2014). Its foliage is rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds such as vitamins, minerals, glucosinolates and phenolic compounds (Ayaz et al, 2006;Armesto et al, 2015). However, the foliage has a high moisture content (approximately 86% w.b.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of the process kinetics and analysis of physicochemical properties in the freeze drying of kale

Dziki¹,

Polak²,

Rudy³

et al. 2018

International Agrophysics

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A b s t r a c t. Investigations were performed to study the freezedrying process of kale (Brassica oleracea L. var acephala). The process of freeze-drying was performed at temperatures of 20, 40, and 60°C for whole pieces of leaves and for pulped leaves. The kinetics of the freeze-drying of both kale leaves and kale pulp were best described by the Page model. The increasing freezedrying temperature from 20 to 60°C induced an approximately two-fold decrease in the drying time. Freeze-drying significantly increased the value of the lightness, delta Chroma, and browning index of kale, and had little influence on the hue angle. The highest increase in the lightness and delta Chroma was observed for whole leaves freeze-dried at 20°C. An increase in the drying temperature brought about a slight decrease in the lightness, delta Chroma and the total colour difference. Pulping decreased the lightness and hue angle, and increased browning index. Freeze-drying engendered a slight decrease in the total phenolics content and antioxidant activity, in comparison to fresh leaves. The temperature of the process and pulping had little influence on the total phenolics content and antioxidant activity of dried kale, but significantly decreased the contents of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b.

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“…These compounds have been considered as UV screens in young seedlings (Gitz, Liu, and McClure, 1998) and have been associated with seedling vigour, height and weight (Randhir and Shetty, 2003;Randhir and Shetty, 2005). Regarding B. oleracea seeds, previous studies with different varieties, other than costata, concerned its germination sensitivity to hypoxia (Finch-Savage, Cô me, Lynn, and Corbineau, 2005), the effect of its film-coating to control insect pests (Ester, Putter, and Bilsen, 2003), the determination of glucosinolates (Kaoulla, MacLeod, and Gil, 1980;MacLeod, MacLeod, and Reader, 1989;Rangkadilok et al, 2002aRangkadilok et al, , 2002, fatty acids (Ayaz et al, 2006) and sterols (Matsumoto, Shimizu, Asano, and Itoh, 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tronchuda cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. costata DC) seeds: Phytochemical characterization and antioxidant potential

et al. 2007

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Tronchuda cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. costata DC) seeds were studied for their chemical composition and antioxidant capacity. Thirteen phenolic compounds were characterized and quantified by reversed-phase HPLC-DAD-MS/MS-ESI and HPLC-DAD, respectively: two sinapoylgentiobiose isomers, three sinapoylglucose isomers, kaempferol-3-(sinapoyl)sophorotrioside-7-glucoside, sinapoylcholine, kaempferol-3,7-diglucoside-4 0 -(sinapoyl)glucoside, three disinapoylgentiobiose isomers, 1,2,2 0 -trisinapoylgentiobiose and 1,2-disinapoylglucose. Seven organic acids (aconitic, citric, ascorbic, malic, quinic, shikimic and fumaric acids) were also identified and quantified by HPLC-UV. The aqueous extract of tronchuda cabbage seeds was investigated for its capacity to act as a scavenger of DPPH Å radical and reactive oxygen species (superoxide radical, hydroxyl radical and hypochlorous acid), exhibiting antioxidant capacity in a concentration-dependent manner against all radicals. These results may be attributed to the high content of hydroxycinnamic derivatives and ascorbic acid.

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Nutrient contents of kale (Brassica oleraceae L. var. acephala DC.)

Cited by 131 publications

References 19 publications

Inflorescences of Brassicacea species as source of bioactive compounds: A comparative study

Inflorescences of Brassicacea species as source of bioactive compounds: A comparative study

Simulation of the process kinetics and analysis of physicochemical properties in the freeze drying of kale

Tronchuda cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. costata DC) seeds: Phytochemical characterization and antioxidant potential

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