Nutrient Enriched Municipal Solid Waste Compost Increases Yield, Nutrient Content and Balance in Rice

Abstract

Globally a huge amount of municipal solid waste (MSW) is being produced which is very difficult to dispose. Composting of MSW is one of the options of solid waste recycling, but its use by the farmers is limited because of its low nutrient status. This study has considered some organic amendments to increase nutrient status of MSW compost for its potential use as an organic fertilizer in rice cultivation. We prepared three types of amended compost by mixing 20% mustard oil cake (MOC) and 30% poultry manure (PM) or cow dung (CD) or sugarcane press mud (SPM) with 50% MSW compost. The inoculum of Trichoderma viride was used to accelerate the composting process. The use of different amendments improved the nutrient level of MSW compost. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the performances of amended MSW composts alone and in combination with chemical fertilizers on yield, nutrient content and balance in rice (var. BRRI dhan28). The experiment was conducted in 2018 at Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) farm, Mymensingh having silt loam texture, pH in water of 6.7 and 2.79% organic matter; the soil was Aeric Haplaquept under the order Inceptisols. There were 10 treatments consisting of chemical fertilizers (urea, triple superphosphate, muriate of potash, gypsum and zinc sulphate) and four types of MSW compost (three amended and one unamended). Based on the results of yield and N, P, K and S concentration of rice grain, the treatment containing 50% fertilizers +10 t ha−1 of amended compost (MSW + MOC + SPM in a ratio of 5:2:3) performed the best. There were apparent negative balances for N (11–45 kg ha−1) and K (6–48 kg ha−1), and positive balances for P (8–71 kg ha−1) and S (4–46 kg ha−1) in soils, across the treatments. Results of this study have significant value in fertilizer management strategies for rice cultivation in sub-tropical countries.

Integrated Nutrient Management for Rice Yield, Soil Fertility, and Carbon Sequestration

“…The solitary application of inorganic fertilizers was found inefficient in increasing the crop yield compared to the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers [ 7 , 12 ]. Organic fertilizers have more potential in improving crops yield as they contain a high amount of most of the essential plant nutrients ( Table 6 ) and [ 9 , 14 ]. As the C/N ratio of the organic fertilizer was low, the mineralization was faster compared to other organic materials [ 8 ].…”

“…The different ratios of N, P, and K contents in rice plants under different treatments except for the control confirmed the presence of these nutrients in an amount that can satisfy the requirements for the normal growth and development of rice unless other factors are limiting. Many reports showed that different organic fertilizers/composts are the source of N, P, and K that can improve soil fertility and increase the uptake of these nutrients in grain crops [ 9 , 19 , 24 ]. The continuous use of organic fertilizer along with inorganic fertilizer increased the nutrient uptake and nutrient use efficiency of major nutrients than did the inorganic fertilizers alone [ 25 ].…”

“…The integrated organic and inorganic fertilizer treatment improved the soil structure and hence increased the macro- and micro-nutrient availability, resulting in enhanced crops yield [ 44 ]. Sultana et al [ 9 ] stated that integrated treatment (organic and inorganic) gave higher values for soil N, P, K, and S contents whereas the sole inorganic treatment gave significantly lower values for those nutrients. In fact, the different organic manure increased the bacterial population in the soil, which may enhance the fertility status of soil [ 45 ].…”

“…The integration of all organic, natural, and inorganic sources of nutrients is an efficient and environmentally friendly technology of crop production which is known as integrated nutrient management (INM). Management practices, such as diversified cropping systems and the application of different organic wastes and optimum fertilization, are believed to offer high potential for increasing the nutrient-use efficiency, carbon © levels in soils, and the crop yield [ 3 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. In addition, the release pattern of inorganic fertilizers compared to organic ones are higher [ 3 ].…”

Effect of municipal solid waste compost and NPK fertilizer on growth, yield and protein content of rice (cv. BRRI dhan49)

“…Rice (Oriza sativa L.) is one of the major food grains on which 50% of the world population depends on it (Sultana et al, 2021). According to BBS (2019), the average rice yield is about 3.01 t/ ha which occupies 77% of the cultivable land and contributes 10% of the GDP.…”