Nutrient–gene interactions in benefit–risk analysis

Hesketh, John E.; Wybrańska, Iwona; Dommels, Yvonne E.M.; King, Marjorie A.; Elliott, Ruan; Picó, Catalina; Keijer, Jaap

doi:10.1079/bjn20061749

Cited by 28 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…Nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics have now created new opportunities to link genetic testing with nutritional advice as a result of a risk-benefit analysis of dietary components on an individual basis (13) , to further help ameliorate nutrition-associated diseases.…”

Section: Modulation Of Dietary Responses By Genotypes and Metabotypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personalised nutrition: ready for practice?

Roos

2012

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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The efficacy by which dietary interventions influence risk markers of multi-factorial diseases is mainly determined by taking population-based approaches. However, there exists considerable inter-individual variation in response to dietary interventions, and some interventions may benefit certain individuals or population subgroups more than others. This review evaluates the application of nutrigenomic technologies to further the concept of personalised nutrition, as well as the process to take personalised nutrition to the marketplace. The modulation of an individual's response is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Many nutrigenetics studies have attempted to explain variability in responses based on a single or a few genotypes so that a genotype may be used to define personalised dietary advice. It has, however, proven very challenging to define an individual's responsiveness to complex diets based on common genetic variations. In addition, there is a limited understanding of what constitutes an optimal response because we lack key health biomarkers and signatures. In conclusion, advances in nutrigenomics will undoubtedly further the understanding of the complex interplay between genotype, phenotype and environment, which are required to enhance the development of personalised nutrition in the future. At the same time, however, issues relating to consumer acceptance, privacy protection as well as marketing and distribution of personalised products need to be addressed before personalised nutrition can become commercially viable.

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Section: Modulation Of Dietary Responses By Genotypes and Metabotypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personalised nutrition: ready for practice?

Roos

2012

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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“…Individuals identified to be at high risk of disease through assessments, such as the QRISK w score for CVD, typically have access to more individualised advice (5,6) often based on the pathophysiology of the disease and identified population characteristics of diseased individuals. However, it is known that individuals respond differently to nutrients with varying levels of individual benefit and risk observed at given doses (7) . Whilst population guidelines go some way to account for this, using characteristics such as age and sex, an increased understanding of the role of genetics in nutrient metabolism has highlighted the inadequacy of this 'one-size-fits-all' approach.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An insight into the public acceptance of nutrigenomic-based personalised nutrition

et al. 2013

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It is predicted that non-communicable diseases will account for over 73 % of global mortality in 2020. Given that the majority of these deaths occur in developed countries such as the UK, and that up to 80 % of chronic disease could be prevented through improvements in diet and lifestyle, it is imperative that dietary guidelines and disease prevention strategies are reviewed in order to improve their efficacy. Since the completion of the human genome project our understanding of complex interactions between environmental factors such as diet and genes has progressed considerably, as has the potential to individualise diets using dietary, phenotypic and genotypic data. Thus, there is an ambition for dietary interventions to move away from population-based guidance towards 'personalised nutrition'. The present paper reviews current evidence for the public acceptance of genetic testing and personalised nutrition in disease prevention. Health and clear consumer benefits have been identified as key motivators in the uptake of genetic testing, with individuals reporting personal experience of disease, such as those with specific symptoms, being more willing to undergo genetic testing for the purpose of personalised nutrition. This greater perceived susceptibility to disease may also improve motivation to change behaviour which is a key barrier in the success of any nutrition intervention. Several consumer concerns have been identified in the literature which should be addressed before the introduction of a nutrigenomic-based personalised nutrition service. Future research should focus on the efficacy and implementation of nutrigenomic-based personalised nutrition.

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“…However, most gene-diet interactions associated with complex diseases either are not sufficiently understood or are the result of gene-gene interactions too complex to allow direct translation into tangible public health strategies. (102,103,104) Moreover, the benefits of gene-based dietary recommendations for late-onset diseases like type 2 diabetes (polygenic) or maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) (monogenic),will not suffice to justify a public health intervention on the newborns as for the PKU deficiency. Ethical implications of nutrigenomics public health interventions also have to be evaluated in reference to their clinical utility.…”

Section: Mthfr Deficiencymentioning

confidence: 98%

Nutrigenomics: Nutrient-Gene Interactions

Siddique¹,

Tandon²,

Ambwani³

et al. 2009

Food Reviews International

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Nutritional research has recently emphasized the role of nutrients on gene expression and regulation. Although not as broadly appreciated, availability of nutrients affects gene expression. The response to a nutrient status seems in many cases to be specific for each genotype and specific nutrient impairment results in altered gene expression, depending on each genotype. Recent literature has suggested that carbohydrates, fatty acids, minerals, and vitamins of all the dietary constituents participate in the regulation of gene expression. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on the role of nutrients on cancer, phenylketonuria, cardiovascular and other life threatening diseases.

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Nutrient–gene interactions in benefit–risk analysis

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

Personalised nutrition: ready for practice?

Personalised nutrition: ready for practice?

An insight into the public acceptance of nutrigenomic-based personalised nutrition

Nutrigenomics: Nutrient-Gene Interactions

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