Nutrient intake of physically fit and unfit men and women

Brodney, Suzanne; McPherson, R. Sue; Carpenter, Ruth Ann; Welten, D.C.; Blair, Steven N.

doi:10.1097/00005768-200103000-00020

Cited by 73 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Dietary records were analyzed using the Food Intake Analysis System (versions 3.00 and 3.99; University of Texas-Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, 1996, 2000), and intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and sodium was estimated. 21,22 In accordance with the American Heart Association recommendations, dietary goals were defined as follows: ≥4.5 servings per day of fruits and vegetables; ≥2 3.5 oz servings per week of fish, shellfish, or other seafood; ≥3 servings per day of whole grains; and <1500 mg/day of sodium. Information on sugar-sweetened beverage was not available.…”

Section: Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of a Favorable Cardiovascular Health Profile With the Presence of Coronary Artery Calcification

Saleem

DeFina

Radford

et al. 2015

Circ: Cardiovascular Imaging

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Section: Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of a Favorable Cardiovascular Health Profile With the Presence of Coronary Artery Calcification

Saleem

DeFina

Radford

et al. 2015

Circ: Cardiovascular Imaging

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“…Various studies have shown a positive association between PAL and concordance with nutrient guidelines (2,34,35) and there is evidence of a positive association between nutrient intake and cardiorespiratory fitness (12,36) . The present study also showed higher intakes of key nutrients in active normal-weight participants, but nutrient 67·8 197·5 581·9 134·54 108·8 131·9 101·8 151·5 124·9 141·1 198·2 EI, energy intake; RAE, retinol activity equivalents (RAE vitamin A = µg retinol + (µg β-carotene equivalents/12)).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is nutrient intake associated with physical activity levels in healthy young adults?

Yan¹,

Drenowatz²,

Hand³

et al. 2016

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: Both physical activity (PA) and diet are important contributors to health and well-being; however, there is limited information on the association of these behaviours and whether observed associations differ by weight. The present study aimed to evaluate whether nutrient intake is associated with PA and if this association varies by weight in young adults. Design: Cross-sectional study to analyse the association between PA and nutrient intake. Setting: Participants were stratified as normal weight (18·5 kg/m 2 < BMI < 25·0 kg/m 2 ) and overweight/obese (BMI ≥ 25·0 kg/m 2 ). PA level (PAL) was calculated (PAL = total daily energy expenditure/RMR) and used to stratify groups (PAL < 1·6, 1·6 ≤ PAL < 1·9, PAL ≥ 1·9). Subjects: Adults (n 407; age 27·6 (SD 3·8) years, 48 % male), with BMI between 20 and 35 kg/m 2 , having at least two 24 h diet recalls and at least 5 d (including two weekend days) of valid, objectively measured PA data were included in the analysis. Results: In normal-weight participants, higher PAL was associated with higher intakes of minerals (except Ca, Fe and Zn), B-vitamins and choline (P for trend <0·05). In the overweight/obese group, higher PAL was associated with higher intakes of fibre, K, Na and Cu (P for trend <0·05). These differences, however, were no longer significant after additionally controlling for total energy intake. Conclusions: More active young adults have higher intakes of essential micronutrients. The benefits of PA may be predominantly due to a higher overall food intake while maintaining energy balance rather than a healthier diet.

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“…43 However, we do not have sufficient dietary data on this group of participants to evaluate the influence of diet. We were able to control for several other potential confounders, including the use of multivitamins, antioxidant vitamins, and medication use; thus, it is unlikely that additional information on diet composition would have substantially changed the directionality of our findings.…”

Section: Limitations Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations Between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and C-Reactive Protein in Men

Church

Barlow

Earnest

et al. 2002

ATVB

311

190

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Objective-This study examined the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and C-reactive protein (CRP), with adjustment for weight and within weight categories. Methods and Results-We calculated median and adjusted geometric mean CRP levels, percentages of individuals with an elevated CRP (Ն2.00 mg/L), and odds ratios of elevated CRP across 5 levels of cardiorespiratory fitness for 722 men. CRP values were adjusted for age, body mass index, vitamin use, statin medication use, aspirin use, the presence of inflammatory disease, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes, and smoking habit. We found an inverse association of CRP across fitness levels (P for trendϽ0.001), with the highest adjusted CRP value in the lowest fitness quintile ( Key Words: C-reactive protein Ⅲ cardiorespiratory fitness Ⅲ men E levated plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) levels have been prospectively associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in apparently healthy individuals. [1][2][3][4] There is an abundance of reports on the positive association between weight and CRP, and investigators have also shown that reduction in weight produces a reduction in CRP concentrations. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] We have reported previously that fitness has beneficial effects on mortality and CVD risk factors that are independent of weight and evident within weight classifications. [12][13][14][15][16] Thus, when the relationship between weight and CVD risk factors or clinical outcomes is assessed, it is important to account for exercise habits or fitness level.There are only a few available studies examining the effect of regular exercise or exercise training on resting levels of CRP. 10,17,18 Geffken et al 17 found the amount of regular physical activity to be inversely related to CRP in a healthy elderly population, and Rohde et al 18 reported that healthy men who exercise Ͼ1 time a week had lower mean CRP than men who did not exercise at least once a week. Mattusch et al 19 found that 9 months of marathon training resulted in a 31% decrease in CRP (nϭ12), and Smith et al 20 reported a nonsignificant (Pϭ0.12) decrease in CRP (Ϫ35%) after 6 months of exercise training in individuals (nϭ43) at high risk for ischemic heart disease. Although these studies provide evidence that regular exercise may reduce CRP values, each lacks either generalizability, adjustment for weight, a reliable measure of regular physical activity, or an adequate number of participants.Cardiorespiratory fitness is an objective laboratory measurement that reduces the misclassification bias that often results from self-reports of physical activity. Although cardiorespiratory fitness has a genetic component, it is primarily determined by habitual physical activity. 21,22 To our knowledge, there are no available reports on the association of cardiorespiratory fitness and CRP. The purpose of the present study was to examine the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and CRP, with adjustment for weight and also within weight categories. Understanding the relationsh...

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Nutrient intake of physically fit and unfit men and women

Abstract: Men and women with higher fitness levels consumed diets that more closely approached national dietary recommendations than their lower fit peers.

Cited by 73 publications

References 22 publications

Association of a Favorable Cardiovascular Health Profile With the Presence of Coronary Artery Calcification

Association of a Favorable Cardiovascular Health Profile With the Presence of Coronary Artery Calcification

Is nutrient intake associated with physical activity levels in healthy young adults?

Associations Between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and C-Reactive Protein in Men

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