Nutrient limitation of bacterioplankton growth in Lake Dillon, Colorado

Morris, Donald P.; Lewis, William M.

doi:10.4319/lo.1992.37.6.1179

Cited by 154 publications

(147 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) and dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) are two major nutrient sources for bacteria. In a freshwater lake system, the growth of bacteria could be restricted by DIP supply (Toolan et al, 1991;Conveney and Wetzel, 1992;Morris and Lewis, 1992) and also the bacteria could compete with phytoplankton in the DIP uptake (Currie and Kalff, 1984a;Currie and Kalff, 1984b;Cotner and Wetzel, 1992;Vadstein et al, 1993). A large DIP flux to bacteria was found in our 3-D numerical experiments, which was consistent with these previous observational results.…”

Section: Flux Within the Food Websupporting

confidence: 81%

Influences of suspended sediments on the ecosystem in Lake Michigan: a 3-D coupled bio-physical modeling experiment

Chen

Budd

et al. 2002

Ecological Modelling

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The influence of suspended sediments on the Lake Michigan ecosystem was examined using a 3-dimensional (3-D) coupled biological and physical model developed by Chen et al. (part I). The model was driven by the realistic meteorological forces observed in March 1998, with daily inputs of suspended sediment concentration that were derived from temporally and spatially interpolated satellite imagery. The model results show the significant impact of a seasonally recurring coastal resuspension plume on the spatial and temporal variation of the nutrients and plankton in southern Lake Michigan. The plume-released nutrients played an essential role in maintaining the nutrient level in the lake. Although the growth of phytoplankton in the plume depended on the availability of nutrients and light, the offshore decrease in phytoplankton biomass still satisfied the Sverdrup's relationship. Cross-shore fluxes of nutrients and phytoplankton were controlled by episodic wind events with a period of : 5 -7 days: offshore during southward winds and onshore during northward winds. The flux estimates for biological variables suggest that the microbial food web is a key contributor to secondary production in southern Lake Michigan and the lower trophic level food web system could be dynamically divided into two decoupled loops: (1) detritus-bacteria-microzooplankton-large zooplankton; and (2) nutrient-phytoplankton-detritus. The model-predicted spatial distributions of nutrients and phytoplankton were in reasonable agreement with observations taken during the 1998 EEGLE interdisciplinary cruises, suggesting that the model was sufficiently robust to capture the basic characteristics of the Lake Michigan ecosystem during the plume event.

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Section: Flux Within the Food Websupporting

confidence: 81%

Influences of suspended sediments on the ecosystem in Lake Michigan: a 3-D coupled bio-physical modeling experiment

Chen

Budd

et al. 2002

Ecological Modelling

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“…Previous studies (Morris and Lewis 1992;Berman et al 1994;Chrzanowski et al 1995;Schweitzer and Simon 1995;Rivkin and Anderson 1997) have typically used 0.8 m-filtered water or dilution with 0.2 m-filtered water to examine the response of aquatic bacterial assemblages to nutrient enrichment. Experiments were conducted on 26 June and 12 August using water filtered through 0.8-m polycarbonate filters (Poretics).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…carbon (Morris and Lewis 1992;Elser et al 1995;Pomeroy et al 1995). Bacteria possess low carbon : nitrogen and carbon : phosphorus ratios (relative to most eukaryotic organisms) and apparently have a limited ability to change their cellular stoichiometry (Redfield et al 1963;Goldman et al 1987;Caron 1991).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variation of phosphorus limitation of bacterial growth in a small lake

Carlsson¹,

Caron

2001

Limnology & Oceanography

105

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A series of bioassay experiments were performed from spring to autumn in a small dimictic lake (Deep Pond, Massachusetts) to examine the potential for bacterial growth limitation by organic carbon (glucose), inorganic nutrients (ammonium or phosphate), or both. The experiments demonstrated that phosphorus was the primary element limiting bacterial growth in Deep Pond during a large part of the summer. Significant increases (relative to controls) in bacterial cell volumes, protein production rates, and abundances were observed during 24-h incubations for samples amended with phosphate alone. Organic carbon was near colimitation for most of the samples, however, and dramatic increases in bacterial abundance and rates of protein production were obtained only when both substances (phosphate and glucose) were added together. There was no evidence for nitrogen limitation of bacterial growth during the study. Temperature was not an important determinant for bacterial production rates above 12ЊC, but below 12ЊC temperature acted to mute the effect of nutrient and organic carbon additions on production rates. Bacterial growth was not significantly increased by the addition of any combination of glucose, ammonium, or phosphate below 12ЊC. A significant, albeit complex, effect of the microbial community on the bacterial response to nutrient/carbon enrichment was apparent in the samples. Substrate/nutrient supply and biomass removal by bacterivores both appeared to play a role in the outcome of the experiments.Pelagic heterotrophic bacteria play a fundamental role in aquatic ecosystems as regulators of the cycling of carbon and important nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus. Bacteria are the major consumers of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the plankton. As such, they play vital roles in the recovery of organic matter, from detritus to living biomass, or in its remineralization back into inorganic compounds (Ducklow and Carlson 1992;Shiah and Ducklow 1994).Bacterial growth and biomass in aquatic ecosystems are regulated by a number of factors, such as temperature (Shiah and Ducklow 1994), predation (Caron 1991), substrate supply (organic and inorganic nutrients) (Cole et al. 1988;Rivkin and Anderson 1997), and viral infections (Proctor and Fuhrman 1992). The relatively low variability of bacterial abundance in aquatic ecosystems has given rise to the speculation that bacterial abundance is rather tightly regulated by the different gain and loss factors operating on bacteria (Sanders et al. 1992).Traditionally, organic carbon (for energy) has been considered the main factor limiting heterotrophic bacterial growth in pelagic environments. More recently, however, several investigators have demonstrated that bacterial growth in aquatic ecosystems can be limited by the availability of nitrogen and phosphorus rather than the supply of organic 1 Corresponding author (per.carlsson@hik.se). AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by a postdoctoral grant to P.C. by the Swedish National Research Council (NFR, B-PD 108...

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“…Numerous studies have examined aspects of these hypotheses such as the constancy of bacteria : flagellate ratios ( Gas01 and Vaque 1993;, the importance of N and P nutrients vs. labile C as bacterial resources (e.g. Morris and Lewis 1992;Le et al 1994;Wang and Priscu 1994), the significance of phytoplankton primary production relative to other sources of C (e.g. Findlay et al 1991), and the role of food web structure in regulating predation on bacteria (Riemann and Christofferson 1993).…”

Section: Acknowledgmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of bacteria by resources and predation tested in whole‐lake experiments

Pace

Cole

1996

Limnology & Oceanography

112

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Food webs in three lakes were manipulated by altering fish communities to promote or suppress the abundance of large Daphnia. These lakes and an unmanipulated reference lake were monitored for 2 yr. The three experimental lakes were then fertilized for 2 yr with nitrogen and phosphorus. Bacterial responses to these manipulations were examined by means of weekly measurements of abundance and production. Bacterial production, measured both by thymidine and leucine incorporation, increased substantially in the fertilized lakes, whereas abundance increased a small amount. Timeseries models based on P loading explained substantial variation in both measures of bacterial production, suggesting strong regulation by P. Phytoplankton also increased with fertilization, but covariation of primary production and chlorophyll with bacterial production was relatively weak. Protozoans did not consume the increased bacterial production observed in the fertilized lakes. Bacterial abundance was instead regulated by consumption by Daphnia in at least two of the three fertilized lakes. Interannual variation in bacterial production during the 2 yr of fertilization was related to variation in pH, suggesting that environmental conditions also drive variability in bacterial activity. Overall, the experiments indicate that bacterial abur.dance and production are regulated by nutrients and, at high nutrient loading, by metazoan rather than by protozoan predators. With fertilization, bacterial production increased more rapidly than did abundance because bacterial predators limited abundance. The primary response of bacteria to eutrophication was higher specific growth rates.Planktonic bacteria are an abundant and important component of aquatic ecosystems. The functional significance of planktonic bacteria in biogeochemical cycles, energy flow, and secondary production is now well described (Stockner and Porter 1988;Ducklow and Carlson 1992). Furthermore, the conversion of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to CO2 by oceanic bacteria is one of several examples where planktonic bacteria mediate key pathways in global biogeochemical cycles (Ducklow and Carlson 1992). Despite the metabolic and biogeochemical significance of planktonic bacteria, ecological factors regulating their abundance, biomass, and productivity remain unclear.One way to examine the ecological regulation of bacteria is to search for general patterns that relate bacterial abundance and productivity to possible regulatory factors. This approach usually requires analyses of data from many systems and explicitly considers bacteria at the ecosystem scale. Three general hypotheses have emerged from these comparative studies. Cole et al. (1988) documented AcknowledgmentsWe thank J. Kitchell, J. Hodgson, S. Carpenter, and their students for establishing the food web manipulations, for data and insights on fish populations, and for occasional shock treatments. S. Carpenter and colleagues shared supporting data on plankton populations, nutrient chemistry, and primary productivit...

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Nutrient limitation of bacterioplankton growth in Lake Dillon, Colorado

Cited by 154 publications

References 38 publications

Influences of suspended sediments on the ecosystem in Lake Michigan: a 3-D coupled bio-physical modeling experiment

Influences of suspended sediments on the ecosystem in Lake Michigan: a 3-D coupled bio-physical modeling experiment

Seasonal variation of phosphorus limitation of bacterial growth in a small lake

Regulation of bacteria by resources and predation tested in whole‐lake experiments

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