Nutrient Management in Food Production: Achieving Agronomic and Environmental Targets

Oenema, O.; Pietrzak, S.

doi:10.1639/0044-7447(2002)031[0159:nmifpa]2.0.co;2

Cited by 21 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Because of the limited availability of feeds especially in the dry season and its high cost (Urassa and Raphael, 2004;Thys et al, 2005) an efficient utilization of this resource is important (Sumberg, 2002;Nkya et al, 2007). Optimization of animal feeding strategies has been described as key factor governing the economic performance of animal husbandry (Oenema and Pietrzak, 2002). Since intensive animal husbandry systems in the midst of an urban setting might lead to negative environmental externalities (Petersen et al, 2007), manure management is also a major challenge (Thys et al, 2005;Powell et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resource use efficiency in urban and peri-urban sheep, goat and cattle enterprises

Diogo

Buerkert

Schlecht

2010

Animal

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Urban livestock husbandry receives growing attention given the increasing urban demand for livestock products. At the same time, little is known about the resource use efficiency in urban livestock enterprises and eventual negative externalities. In livestock production, feeds are an important resource whose nutrients are transformed into products (meat and milk) to generate financial return to the producer. The lack of knowledge on nutrient supply through feed might lead to oversupply with severe environmental impacts. In Niamey, a typical West African city and capital of the Republic of Niger, urban livestock production is constrained by feed scarcity, especially during the dry season. Here, the issue of resource use efficiency was studied in 13 representative and differently managed sheep/goat and cattle enterprises characterized by high and low feed inputs, respectively, during a period of 28 months. Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) inflows into each farm through livestock feeds and outflows through manure were determined using a semi-structured questionnaire; interviews were accompanied by regular weighing of feed supplied and dung produced. Live weight gain (LWG) and efficiency of conversion of total feed dry matter offered (kg TDMO/kg LWG) were computed along with nutrient balances (NBs) per metabolic body mass (kg 0.75 ). NBs (per kg 0.75 /day) in the high-input (HI) sheep/goat enterprises were 11762.4 mg N, 1127.2 mg P and 11363.5 mg K and were significantly greater (P , 0.05) than those in low-input (LI) units (169.1 mg N, 298.3 mg P and 116.5 mg K). In HI cattle enterprises, daily balances averaged 1454.1 mg N, 140.1 mg P and 1341.8 mg K compared to 134.4 mg N, 29.0 mg P and 168.3 mg K (P . 0.05) in LI cattle systems. All systems were characterized by poor conversion efficiencies of offered feed, which ranged from 13.5 to 46.1 kg TDMO/kg LWG in cattle and from 15.7 to 43.4 kg TDMO/kg LWG in sheep/goats. LWG in HI sheep/goats was 53 g/day in the rainy season, 86 g/day in the hot dry season and 104 g/day in the cool dry season, while HI cattle lost 79 g/day in the hot dry season and gained 121 g/day and 92 g/day in the cool dry and rainy seasons, respectively. The data indicate that there is nutrient wasting and scope for improvement of feeding strategies in Niamey's livestock enterprises, which might also decrease nutrient losses to the urban environment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resource use efficiency in urban and peri-urban sheep, goat and cattle enterprises

Diogo

Buerkert

Schlecht

2010

Animal

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“…The nitrogen emissions from agriculture do not necessarily imply that biobased products are not or cannot be environmentally preferable. Numerous best management practices, which are well documented, can lessen the environmental impacts of modern agriculture from both carbon and nitrogen perspectives (29). Mitigation of excess nitrogen can be realized by changing the nitrogen management strategy, improving nitrogen application efficiency, planting winter crops or perennials to reduce runoff, or implementing wetland buffers.…”

Section: Trade-offs Of Carbon and Nitrogen Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feature: Environmental Trade-offs of Biobased Production

Miller¹,

Landis²,

Theis³

2007

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Nutrient management implies the management of nutrients to achieve both agronomic and environmental targets. To be effective, economic and environmental goals must be coherent, flexible, and controllable [12]. In this article the transition towards sustainable nutrient management is analyzed comparing two countries, the Netherlands and Finland.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

System Merits or Failures? Policies for Transition to Sustainable P and N Systems in The Netherlands and Finland

Hoppe¹,

Kuokkanen

Mikkilä

et al. 2016

Sustainability

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Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) cycles are absolutely vital in maintaining sustainable food systems. Human activities disturb the natural balance of these cycles by creating enormous additional nutrient fluxes, causing eutrophication of waterways and pollution in land systems. To tackle this problem, sustainable nutrient management is required. This paper addresses sustainable nutrient management in two countries: The Netherlands and Finland. We adopt a critical perspective on resource politics, especially towards opportunistic policy strategies for the pollutant management of N and P. Two research questions are considered. First, what are the key systemic and policy failures that occurred in the N and P systems in the Netherlands and Finland between 1970 and 2015? And second, which lessons can be drawn when addressing the policy responses in the two countries to cope with these failures? The cases are analyzed within Weber and Rohracher's framework that addresses "failures" preventing sustainable transitions. The results show that a number of failures occurred, besides market failures (over-exploitation of the commons, externalization of costs): lack of directionality, policy coordination, institutions, capabilities, infrastructure, demand articulation, and reflexivity. Policy responses in both countries resulted in ponderous policy frameworks that were adequate to tackle nutrient problems from the industrial sector and municipalities. However, both countries provided only a moderate response in terms of system-wide integrated policy frameworks to cope with sectoral-transcending issues. The agricultural use of N and P, in contrast to detergents, has not been subjected to strong regulatory measures.

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Nutrient Management in Food Production: Achieving Agronomic and Environmental Targets

Cited by 21 publications

References 13 publications

Resource use efficiency in urban and peri-urban sheep, goat and cattle enterprises

Resource use efficiency in urban and peri-urban sheep, goat and cattle enterprises

Feature: Environmental Trade-offs of Biobased Production

System Merits or Failures? Policies for Transition to Sustainable P and N Systems in The Netherlands and Finland

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