Nutrient release from fish cage aquaculture and mitigation strategies in Daya Bay, southern China

Qi, Zhou; Shi, Ruizhi; Yu, Zonghe; Han, Tingting; Li, Chunhou; Shu-min, XU; Xu, Shimei; Liang, Qingyang; Yu, Wei; Lin, Heizhao; Huang, Honghui

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.06.079

Cited by 59 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Nutrient release may affect water quality (e.g., water turbidity, dissolved oxygen), increase trophic resources, and modify the geochemical properties of sediment (Qi et al, 2019). Nevertheless, most times the effect of a fish farm on the water column is negligible due to the high dilution and recycling of nutrients at sites where farms are established (Soto and Norambuena, 2004).…”

Section: Nutrient Pollution Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Environmental Sustainability in Marine Finfish Aquaculture

et al. 2021

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Aquaculture is one of the fastest growing food production sectors and has great potential for food security and livelihoods. However, it generates concerning consequences for the environment, including chemical and biological pollution, disease outbreaks, unsustainable feeds and competition for coastal space. Recent investigations are focusing on sustainable techniques (e.g., polyculture, offshore facilities) to improve the relationship between the industry, environment and society. This review provides an overview of the main factors of ecological concern within marine finfish aquaculture, their interactions with the environment, and highlights sustainable alternatives that are currently in use or development. Adequate environmental monitoring and location of farms, the reduction and exploitation of wastes and chemicals being used is crucial to ensure the growth and continuity of aquaculture production.

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Section: Nutrient Pollution Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Environmental Sustainability in Marine Finfish Aquaculture

et al. 2021

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“…Observations indicate that the system is not being enriched by nutrient, meaning that the aquaculture is not promoting the eutrophication of the site. Again, this is a common outcome of aquaculture in semiclosed coastal areas, such as bays, chocked lagoons, or estuaries (Islam, 2005;Qi et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coastal Water Quality in an Atlantic Sea Bass Farm Site (Sines, Portugal): A First Assessment

et al. 2020

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Aquaculture has become the fastest-growing sector of the food industry worldwide. The increase of intensive aquaculture practices, however, has been raising global concern about economic and social impacts, but mostly due to the associated potential environmental impacts. The aim of this report is to make a preliminary assessment of the impact of an intensive sea bass aquaculture (Dicentrarchus labrax, L. 1758) on surrounding coastal waters. The aquaculture site is located at the SW Iberian coast (Sines, Portugal), having 16 cages, each holding approximately 150,000 specimens at different stages of growth. We present a spatial and temporal description of environmental physical, chemical, and biological parameters taken in the course of four monitoring campaigns conducted between June 2018 and April 2019. All monitored parameters, except phosphate concentration in October only at one sampling station, showed values within the desirable ranges for marine finfish production and the natural range of Portuguese coastal waters. So far, results do not reveal any detrimental impact of the production units on local water quality, although more research is needed. The preliminary findings suggest that the lack of stress on the receiving waters may be attributed to the hydrodynamic regime in the production area, the feeding strategy, and the dimension of the production.

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“…Since the fish cages are essentially an open system where water passes freely through them and interact strongly with the environment, cage systems tend to produce wastes that are released directly into the marine environment [25]. Moreover, fish cage cultivation, unlike the cultivation of other species, requires feeding with additional concentrations of nutrients and chemicals to promote fish growth and help prevent disease, while the metabolic processes of fish also yield excessive pollutants [26]. Therefore, cage cultivation represents the main source of waste effluent discharge among all mariculture systems (even though it only constitutes about 5% of total mariculture production, Figure 1).…”

Section: Types Of Mariculture Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Mariculture Effluent: Characterization and Management Tools

Wang

Cuthbertson

Gualtieri

et al. 2020

Water

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While marine aquaculture, or mariculture, has been growing rapidly and globally in recent decades, many environmental concerns remain to be fully addressed to achieve its long-term goal of sustainable development. This paper aims to provide a synthesized perspective on these issues by reviewing and discussing the characterization, transport, and current modelling and management tools associated with effluents released from mariculture sites. Specifically, we examined the effluent characteristics and behavior from source-to-sink, including the composition and load of effluent discharge, its transport and transformation processes in the water column and at the seabed, and its impacts on the pelagic and benthic environments. We then focused on management-related issues, including the setting of the regulatory mixing zone, the establishment of environmental standards, monitoring measures, and modelling techniques to depict the current state-of-the-art modes in a global context. Our study shows that while substantial progress has been made in understanding the nature of the mariculture effluent, as well as in monitoring and modelling its transport and fate, the regulatory framework still lags behind in many countries where the mariculture industry is relevant. This is particularly evident in the lack of consistent criteria for the definition of regulatory mixing zones and the associated environmental standards for water quality and benthic impacts. Besides, as new predictive models are emerging quickly, their proper evaluation and validation are imperative in view of their increasing application in regulatory practices. This review is intended to provide references for advancing regulatory management of mariculture effluents, as well as for promoting sustainable mariculture development.

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Nutrient release from fish cage aquaculture and mitigation strategies in Daya Bay, southern China

Cited by 59 publications

References 45 publications

Towards Environmental Sustainability in Marine Finfish Aquaculture

Towards Environmental Sustainability in Marine Finfish Aquaculture

Coastal Water Quality in an Atlantic Sea Bass Farm Site (Sines, Portugal): A First Assessment

A Review on Mariculture Effluent: Characterization and Management Tools

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