Nutrient Requirements of Poultry

Nutrition, Subcommittee on Poultry; Agriculture, Board on

doi:10.17226/2114

Cited by 264 publications

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“…It is possible to reduce inulin/ skatole production associated with prebiotic properties. Furthermore, Molbak, Thomsen, Jensen, Knudsen, and Boye (2007) showed that inulin increases bifidobacteria, suppresses E. coli and Clostridium perfringens. Lan et al (2007) observed that supplementation of SBO to broilers increases the caecal population of a group of lactic acid bacteria (genera Lactobacillus, Pediococcus, Weissella and Leuconostoc).…”

Section: In Vitro Effects Of Inulin and Soya Bean Oligosaccharides mentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro effects of inulin and soya bean oligosaccharide on skatole production and the intestinal microbiota in broilers

Liu

Hou

Yang

et al. 2017

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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The experiment was conducted to investigate the in vitro effects of inulin and soya bean oligosaccharide (SBO) on the metabolism of L-tryptophan (L-try) to skatole production, and the intestinal microbiota in broilers. Treatments were as follows: caecal microbiota control (Cc), Cc + inulin, Cc + SBO, rectal microbiota control (Rc), Rc + inulin and Rc + SBO. Microbial suspensions were anaerobically incubated at 38°C for 24 hr. The results showed that concentrations of skatole and acetic acid were significantly lower in caecal microbiota fermentation broth (MFB) than those in rectal MFB (p < .05). Addition of inulin or SBO significantly decreased the concentrations of indole and skatole and rate of L-try degradation (p < .05). Inulin groups had lower indole than SBO groups (p < .05). PCR-DGGE analysis revealed that addition of inulin or SBO decreased the microbiota richness (p < .05), but no significant differences in Shannon index (p > .05). Four distinct bands were detected in inulin and SBO groups, which were related to two of Bacteroides, one of Firmicutes and Bifidobacteria. Six bands were detected only in control groups, which represented uncultured Rikenellaceae, Roseburia, Escherichia/Shigella dysenteriae, Bacteroides uniformis (T), Parabacteroides distasonis and Enterobacter aerogenes. Populations of Lactobacilli, Bifidobacteria and total bacteria in inulin groups were higher than those in control groups (p < .05). For SBO groups, only population of total bacteria increased (p < .05). However, there were no significant differences in Escherichia coli population among treatments (p > .05). These results suggest that reduced concentrations of skatole and indole in the presence of inulin and SBO may be caused by decrease in L-try degradation rate, which were caused by change in microbial ecosystem and pH value. Uncultured B. uniformis (T) and E. aerogenes may be responsible for degradation of L-try to skatole.

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Section: In Vitro Effects Of Inulin and Soya Bean Oligosaccharides mentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro effects of inulin and soya bean oligosaccharide on skatole production and the intestinal microbiota in broilers

Liu

Hou

Yang

et al. 2017

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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“…41,42 This is not surprising as the chicken manure has elevated concentration of S 43 due to the high requirement of S amino acids (methionine and cysteine) of the chicken. 44 Dethiobacter spp. has been found as part of the core microbial community of mesophilic anaerobic digester fed either by animal manure, food waste or by both in a co-digestion process.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial community dynamics and process performance of a full‐scale two‐stage anaerobic digester under the replacement from energy crop to poultry manure

Bellucci

Borruso

Brusetti

et al. 2019

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND This study assessed the composition and dynamics of the bacterial and archaeal communities in a full‐scale two‐stage anaerobic digester over five months. The plant was fed on a variable mixture of feedstock, in which the energy crops were replaced with poultry manure/litter (from 1.6% to 7.5%) to reduce the operational costs. RESULTS The elevated concentration of ammonia in the digester did not hamper biogas production and its concentration of methane. The low level of acetate, butyrate and propionate in the methanogenesis phase indicated a strong activity of acetotrophic methanogens. PCR‐DGGE and sequencing have demonstrated that the stability of the volatile fatty acid distribution concurred with low level of population shifts as shown by the moving windows analysis. Nevertheless, PCoA analyses revealed that the variation in the digester alimentation and the carbon:nitrogen (C:N) ratio had a key role in assembly the bacterial and archaeal communities. The high ammonia level favoured the growth of Caldicoprobacteraceae and Syntrophomonadaceae, whereas dominant archaea detected belonged to the family of Methanosarcinaceae. CONCLUSION Cheap and readily available N‐rich feedstock could be used safely to decrease the costs of the anaerobic digestion process. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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“…Birds were reared from 1 to 42d and housed in floor pens on fresh wood shavings litter with ad libitum access to a standard corn-soy diet and water [11]. The feeding program consisted of 3 phases: starter (1-7d), grower (8-21d), and finisher (22-42d).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative of probiotics reveals cecal microbial component associated with performance parameters in broilers

Murugesan¹

2019

Preprint

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29 Probiotics have become increasingly popular in poultry industry as a promising nutritional 30 intervention to promote modulation of intestinal microbiota as a means of improving health and 31 performance. This study aimed to determine the effects of different probiotic formulations on the 32 cecal microbial communities and performance in 21 and 42 day-old-broilers, as well as to define 33 associations between ceca microbial profile and growth parameters. Probiotics investigated 34 included a synbiotic (SYNBIO), a yeast-based probiotic (YEAST), and three single-strain 35 formulations of spore-forming Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (SINGLE1), B. subtilis (SINGLE2) 36 and B. licheniformis (SINGLE3). Dietary inclusion of SYNBIO, YEAST, and SINGLE2 37 increased body weight (BW) by 7, 14, and 21d (p<0.05) compared to a basal diet without 38 probiotics (CON). The treatments SYNBIO, and YEAST decreased mortality by 21d, while 39 SYNBIO reduced the overall mortality rate by 42d (p<0.05). Bifidobacteriales had the highest 40 (p<0.05) population in SINGLE2, whereas Clostridiales was reduced compared to CON, 41 SINGLE1, and SINGLE3. The addition of SYNBIO into diet mainly stimulated (p<0.05) the 42 cecal relative abundance of Lactobacillales by 21d. Besides, Spearman's correlation analyses 43 revealed that population of Lactobacillales was associated with lower Enterobacteriales, higher 44 BW, and lower mortality of growing broilers. These results suggest that the modulation of ceca 45 microbiota and the greatest productive parameters were achieved by supplementation of specific 46 probiotic mixture. The selection of probiotics by their ability to drive cecal microbiota towards 47 lactic acid bacteria colonization may be a strategic approach to improve the indicators of 48 performance in broilers. 49 3 50 51 Introduction 52 Worldwide, the decreased percentage of chickens treated with sub-therapeutic levels of 53 antibiotics has attracted attention towards a better understanding of dietary alternatives as growth 54 and health promoters. Among them, probiotics have been indicated as a promising nutritional 55 intervention to manipulate the avian microbiome [1-4]. Beneficial bacteria colonization of 56 intestinal microbiota is essential for favoring host growth and performance, while an unfavorable 57 alteration of the commensal structure may promote enteric infections, thereby deteriorating 58 welfare and the performance indicators of poultry production [5]. 59 Probiotics have become increasingly popular across human medicine and livestock 60 industry due to the following benefits in the host: stimulation of beneficial microbiota, reduction, 61 and prevention of pathogen colonization, development of immune system, improvement in 62 digestive efficiency, and maturation of intestinal microbiota [3,5-9]. Although several bacterial 63 species and yeasts have been described as potential probiotic for broiler chickens; Bacillus, 64 Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, Bifidobacterium, Pediococcus, and Escherichia are the most 65 common bacte...

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Nutrient Requirements of Poultry

Cited by 264 publications

References 0 publications

In vitro effects of inulin and soya bean oligosaccharide on skatole production and the intestinal microbiota in broilers

In vitro effects of inulin and soya bean oligosaccharide on skatole production and the intestinal microbiota in broilers

Microbial community dynamics and process performance of a full‐scale two‐stage anaerobic digester under the replacement from energy crop to poultry manure

Comparative of probiotics reveals cecal microbial component associated with performance parameters in broilers

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