Nutrient surpluses on integrated arable farms

Schröder, J.J.; Asperen, P. van; Dongen, G.J.M. van; Wijnands, F.G.

doi:10.1016/s1161-0301(96)02030-8

Cited by 24 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In NW Portugal, the soil moisture surplus, measured as precipitation minus crop evapo‐transpiration from September to March by Schröder et al. (1996), amounts to c. 650 mm.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of different rates and timing of application of nitrogen as slurry and mineral fertilizer on yield of herbage and nitrate‐leaching potential of a maize/Italian ryegrass cropping system in north‐west Portugal

Trindade

Coutinho

Jarvis³

et al. 2009

Grass and Forage Science

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Efficient use of cattle-slurry to avoid nitrogen (N) leaching and other losses is important in designing intensive dairy systems to minimize pollution of air and water. The response in dry-matter (DM) yield of herbage and nitrate-leaching potential to different rates and timing of application of N as cattle slurry and ⁄ or mineral fertilizer in a double-cropping system producing maize (Zea mays L.) silage and Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) was investigated in north-west Portugal. Nine treatments with different rates and combinations of cattle slurry, and with or without mineral-N fertilizer, applied at sowing and as a top-dressing to both crops, were tested and measurements were made of DM yield of herbage, N concentration of herbage, uptake of N by herbage and amounts of residual soil nitrate-N to a depth of 1 m, in a 3-year experiment. Regression analysis showed that the application of 150 and 100 kg of available N ha )1 to maize and Italian ryegrass, respectively, resulted in 0AE95 of maximum DM yields of herbage and 0AE90 of maximum N uptake by herbage. Residual amounts of nitrate-N in soil after maize ranged from 48 to 278 kg N ha )1 with an exponential increase in response to the amount of N applied; there were higher values of nitrate-leaching potential when mineral-N fertilizer was applied. The results suggest that it is possible in highly productive maize ⁄ Italian ryegrass systems to obtain high DM yields of herbage for maize silage and Italian ryegrass herbage with minimal leaching losses by using slurry exclusively at annual rates of up to 250 kg available N ha )1 (equivalent to 480 kg total N ha )1 ) in three applications.

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“…In NW Portugal, the soil moisture surplus, measured as precipitation minus crop evapo‐transpiration from September to March by Schröder et al. (1996), amounts to c. 650 mm.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of different rates and timing of application of nitrogen as slurry and mineral fertilizer on yield of herbage and nitrate‐leaching potential of a maize/Italian ryegrass cropping system in north‐west Portugal

Trindade

Coutinho

Jarvis³

et al. 2009

Grass and Forage Science

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“…For symbols, see Table 2. Schröder et al (1996) have found an average value for surplus of 160 kg N ha -1 for 38 Dutch integrated arable farms, and 117 after the adoption of an integrated nutrient management program. The variability was elevated, with surpluses ranging from less than 50 to more than 200 kg N ha -1 .…”

Section: Nitrogen Surplusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…organic vs. inorganic fertilisers) in the determination of the surplus. Finally, nutrient balances can be used to create awareness among farmers and to guide improvements in crop and livestock N management, as demonstrated for example by Schröder et al (1996) and by Hanegraaf and den Boer (2003).…”

Section: Advantages and Disadvantages Of The Indicatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Calculating the Soil Surface Nitrogen Balance at Regional Scale: Example Application and Critical Evaluation of Tools and Data

Bechini¹,

Castoldi²

2006

Ital J Agronomy

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Agro-ecological indicators (AEIs) allow evaluating sustainability for a large number of farms. The SITPAS Information System developed for the agricultural park “Parco Agricolo Sud Milano” (northern Italy) contains detailed farming and cropping systems information for 731 farms that can be used for these analyses. We used the SITPAS database to evaluate N management with an AEI and to evaluate the suitability of the SITPAS data model for this type of applications. The AEI (soil surface N balance) was calculated for each crop at field scale, as the difference between the sum of N inputs (atmospheric depositions, biological fixation, fertilisers, residues from previous crop) and crop N uptake; the results were aggregated at rotation and farm levels. The farming systems with the highest surplus (> 300 kg N ha-1) are dairy, cattle and pig farms, in which chemical N fertilisers are used in addition to animal manures. The crops with the highest surplus are Italian ryegrass and maize (183 and 172 kg N ha-1, respectively), while rice and wheat have the lowest surplus (87 and 85 kg N ha-1). The data model allowed to store and analyse complex information not manageable otherwise; its main limitation was the excessive flexibility, requiring a complicated procedure for the calculations of this example, and the exclusion of most data at the farming systems level (corresponding to 82% of the studied area) for missing, incomplete, out-of-range or inconsistent data. These results suggest to promote actions towards better N management in cropping systems in the Park and to develop simple data models based on minimum data requirements when sustainability evaluations are to be conducted

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“…Calculation of N balance is one potentially useful method for predicting the risk of nitrate leaching into groundwater (Barry et al, 1993;Puckett et al, 1999). Many factors influence the degree to which different inputs and outputs can maintain soil fertility while minimizing environmental pollution (Schroder et al, 1996;Parris, 1998). A study by Schleef and Kleihanss (1994) indicated that 100 kg ha ÿ1 of annual N surplus could be regarded as a baseline for nitrate leaching into ground-or surface-water on a regional scale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen balance and groundwater nitrate contamination: Comparison among three intensive cropping systems on the North China Plain

Kou

Zhang

et al. 2006

Environmental Pollution

677

325

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The annual nitrogen (N) budget and groundwater nitrate-N concentrations were studied in the field in three major intensive cropping systems in Shandong province, north China. In the greenhouse vegetable systems the annual N inputs from fertilizers, manures and irrigation water were 1358, 1881 and 402 kg N ha(-1) on average, representing 2.5, 37.5 and 83.8 times the corresponding values in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-maize (Zea mays L.) rotations and 2.1, 10.4 and 68.2 times the values in apple (Malus pumila Mill.) orchards. The N surplus values were 349, 3327 and 746 kg N ha(-1), with residual soil nitrate-N after harvest amounting to 221-275, 1173 and 613 kg N ha(-1) in the top 90 cm of the soil profile and 213-242, 1032 and 976 kg N ha(-1) at 90-180 cm depth in wheat-maize, greenhouse vegetable and orchard systems, respectively. Nitrate leaching was evident in all three cropping systems and the groundwater in shallow wells (<15 m depth) was heavily contaminated in the greenhouse vegetable production area, where total N inputs were much higher than crop requirements and the excessive fertilizer N inputs were only about 40% of total N inputs.

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Nutrient surpluses on integrated arable farms

Cited by 24 publications

References 20 publications

Effects of different rates and timing of application of nitrogen as slurry and mineral fertilizer on yield of herbage and nitrate‐leaching potential of a maize/Italian ryegrass cropping system in north‐west Portugal

Effects of different rates and timing of application of nitrogen as slurry and mineral fertilizer on yield of herbage and nitrate‐leaching potential of a maize/Italian ryegrass cropping system in north‐west Portugal

Calculating the Soil Surface Nitrogen Balance at Regional Scale: Example Application and Critical Evaluation of Tools and Data

Nitrogen balance and groundwater nitrate contamination: Comparison among three intensive cropping systems on the North China Plain

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