Nutrient transport within three vegetative treatment areas receiving silage bunker runoff

Faulkner, Joshua W.; Zhang, Wei; Geohring, Larry D.; Steenhuis, Tammo S.

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.09.020

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…During storm events, exposed silage particles and leachate on impervious storage bunker surfaces mix with precipitation and are transported as runoff [4]. While dilution with rainwater yields lower nutrient concentrations in silage bunker runoff more than the concentrated leachate, nutrients are still a major concern if released into surface waters [3][4][5][6]. Runoff concentrations from silage bunkers generally depend on storm size and intensity, concentration of undiluted silage leachate, and seasonality [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…VTAs are vegetated systems located downslope of a pollution source designed to treat runoff and provide a buffer zone to the surrounding environment [8]. In a New York study of three VTAs receiving silage bunker runoff, Faulkner [6] found significant ammonium-N (NH 4 + -N) mass removal at all sites and one VTA had 40% soluble reactive P (SRP) mass removal. Incoming nitrate-N (NO 3 − -N) concentrations were low, and some sites experienced a net export, presumably due to nitrification processes within the VTA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whereas VTAs are generally an economically viable and low maintenance option for farms, several concerns still exist. These issues include surface runoff remaining untreated [9], vegetative burning due to high acidity in the runoff [10], neglected operation and maintenance demands [6], and subsurface leaching that can lead to groundwater contamination [9]. Accordingly, there is a need to explore alternative remediation practices for silage bunker leachate and storm-driven runoff.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal from a Denitrifying Woodchip Bioreactor Treatment System Receiving Silage Bunker Runoff

2020

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Leachate and storm-driven runoff from silage storage bunkers can degrade receiving water bodies if left untreated. This study evaluated a novel treatment system consisting of three treatment tanks with a moving-bed biofilm reactor and paired side-by-side denitrifying woodchip bioreactors for the ability to reduce influent nutrient mass loads. Flow-based samples were taken at four locations throughout the system, at the inflow to the first tank, outflow from the tanks prior to entering the woodchip bioreactors, and from the outflows of both bioreactors. Samples were analyzed for concentrations of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) species. Inflow concentrations were reduced from the bioreactor outflows by an average of 35% for total N (TN) and 16% for total P (TP) concentrations on a storm event basis. The treatment system cumulatively removed 76% of the TN mass load, 71% of the nitrite + nitrate-N (NO2−+NO3−-N) load, 26% of the TP mass load, and 19% of the soluble reactive P load, but was a source of ammonium-N, based on the monitoring of 16 storm events throughout 2019. While the system was effective, very low NO2−+NO3−-N concentrations in the silage bunker runoff entered the bioreactors, which may have inhibited denitrification performance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal from a Denitrifying Woodchip Bioreactor Treatment System Receiving Silage Bunker Runoff

2020

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“…Dillaha et al (1988) suggested that vegetative filtration changes flow hydraulics enhancing the opportunity for sedimentation of solids. More recent applications of vegetative treatment systems have been reported by Woodbury et al (2003) and Faulkner et al (2011aFaulkner et al ( , 2011b. Woodbury et al (2003) used a solid settling basin -sloped vegetative treatment area system to control and treat runoff from a beef feedlot in Nebraska.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over a three-year monitoring period no release from the vegetative treatment area were reported. Faulkner et al (2011a) reported on the use of a vegetative treatment area system for controlling silage bunker runoff. The Faulkner et al (2011b) site was underlain by a shallow fragipan that restricted drainage and limited impacts on deep groundwater, but also contributed to surface flow releases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Total Solids Concentration to Estimate Nutrient Content of Feedlot Runoff Effluent from Solid Settling Basins, Vegetative Infiltration Basins, and Vegetative Treatment Areas

Andersen¹,

Burns²,

Moody³

et al. 2011

Applied Engineering in Agriculture

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Increased environmental awareness has promoted the need for improved feedlot runoff control. The use of vegetative treatment systems (VTSs) to control and treat feedlot runoff may enhance environmental security and protect water quality. Knowledge of effluent nutrient concentrations throughout the vegetative treatment system is required to evaluate system performance and impact on water quality. Previously collected VTS monitoring data has provided the opportunity to investigate relationships between effluent quality parameters. The objective of this study was to evaluate, through correlation and regression, the relationships between total solids, nutrients, and effluent quality indicator concentrations of feedlot runoff at various stages of treatment in a VTS, including solid settling basin, vegetative infiltration basin, and vegetative treatment area effluent. Results of a correlation and primary factor analysis showed that most of the effluent concentrations were strongly correlated to each other, with a single factor capable of describing more than 60% of the total variability of the monitored parameters. Regression equations were developed to relate nutrient content and effluent quality indicator concentrations to total solids concentrations. Results were satisfactory for NH3-N, BOD5, COD, Cl-, TP, and TKN, indicating that total solids concentrations provided significant insight into VTS performance relative to nutrient concentration and effluent quality indicators. A comparison between predicted, based on total solids content, and monitored annual mass release of the parameters was conducted. No statistical difference was found for NH3-N, BOD5, COD, Cl-, TP, and TKN; indicating that effluent volume release along with total solids concentrations could be used to provide an estimate of nutrient mass in solid settling basin, vegetative infiltration basin, and vegetative treatment area effluent.

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Silage storage runoff characterization: Annual nutrient loading rate and first flush analysis of bunker silos

Holly

Larson

Cooley³

et al. 2018

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

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Nutrient transport within three vegetative treatment areas receiving silage bunker runoff

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

Evaluation of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal from a Denitrifying Woodchip Bioreactor Treatment System Receiving Silage Bunker Runoff

Evaluation of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal from a Denitrifying Woodchip Bioreactor Treatment System Receiving Silage Bunker Runoff

Using Total Solids Concentration to Estimate Nutrient Content of Feedlot Runoff Effluent from Solid Settling Basins, Vegetative Infiltration Basins, and Vegetative Treatment Areas

Silage storage runoff characterization: Annual nutrient loading rate and first flush analysis of bunker silos

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