Nutrient Uptake, Partitioning, and Remobilization in Modern Soybean Varieties

Abstract

ABSTRACTe absence of recent data regarding the nutritional needs of modern soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] production systems necessitates a greater comprehensive understanding of nutrient uptake, partitioning, and remobilization. e objective of this study was to evaluate macro-and micronutrient accumulation and partitioning in current soybean cultivars. Across 3 site-years, plants were sampled at seven growth stages and divided into four plant tissue fractions for quanti cation of nutrient uptake. Accumulation (per ha) of 275 kg N, 21 kg P (48 kg P 2 O 5 ), 172 kg K (207 kg K 2 O), 113 kg Ca, 50 kg Mg, 19 kg S, 335 g Zn, 371 g Mn, 325 g B, 849 g Fe, and 63 g Cu were required to produce approximately 3500 and 9500 kg ha -1 of grain and total biomass, respectively. Supplemental fertility modestly increased biomass and yield (2%), but did not alter nutrient partitioning or harvest index. Nutrients with high harvest index (i.e., percentage of total nutrient accumulation partitioned to grain) values included P (81%), N (73%), Cu (62%), and S (61%), which may serve as a limitation to high yield. Seasonal patterns of nutrient accumulation suggested that K and Fe were acquired primarily during late vegetative growth while the uptake of N, P, Ca, Mg, S, Zn, Mn, B, and Cu were more equally distributed between vegetative and seed-lling growth phases. ese results document the rate and duration of macro-and micronutrient accumulation in soybean, and highlight the importance of adequate nutrient availability during key crop growth periods.

Effect of copper carbonate and zinc oxide applied to seeds on copper and zinc uptake by maize seedlings

“…Maize seed (botanically classified as caryopses fruit) has a selectively permeable characteristic, as verified by Dias et al (2014), with non-ionic compounds being able to diffuse through the seed coat (pericarp), while ionic compounds are blocked. Modern maize cultivation practices, in general, are increasing average grain yields (Bender et al 2013). Micronutrients such as Cu and Zn are exported from the soil in relatively great amounts by maize grains, which demands replacement.…”

“…Moreover, around 30 and 60% of the amount extracted of copper and zinc by maize, respectively, are exported with harvested grains, which demands replacement (Bender et al 2013).…”

Soybean response to nitrogen application across the United States: A synthesis-analysis

“…) occur during the R4 to R5 (Fehr and Caviness, 1977) growth stages, whereas Bender et al (2015) measured a greater daily N uptake rate of 4.6 kg ha −1 at R4 growth stage. The N requirement of soybean is generally fulfilled by biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) plus N uptake from soil (Salvagiotti et al, 2008).…”

Deep Banding Increases Phosphorus Removal by Soybean Grown under No‐Tillage Production Systems

“…Th us, the soil must provide this element in enough quantity to support plant needs, and consequently, promote high crop yields (Bender et al, 2015). Th erefore, P fertilizer application is typically required for most crop production conditions (Fageria, 2009).…”

“…In a recent study, Bender et al (2015) verifi ed that changes in soybean cultivars and management practices during the last 80 yr, resulted in increased biomass production, grain yield, and harvest indices with subsequent increases in nutrient accumulation. Th erefore, P management practices that enhance root system access to the nutrient can play an important role to improving P acquisition , and support yield potentials (Adee et al, 2016).…”