Nutrient utilization and manure P excretion in growing pigs fed corn‐barley‐soybean based diets supplemented with microbial phytase

Emiola, I. A.; Akinremi, O. O.; Slominski, B. A.; Nyachoti, C. M.

doi:10.1111/j.1740-0929.2008.00590.x

Cited by 27 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Feeding the enzyme phytase enables utilization of plant source P by pigs and allows diets containing reduced amounts of inorganic P to be nutritionally adequate. Based on previous reports (Veum et al, 2006;Veum and Ellersieck, 2008;Emiola et al, 2009), MCP was excluded from diets containing phytase unless the total P provided by the final diet (g of total P/kJ of NE) was not ≥100% of the available P presented by the reference diets.…”

Section: Diet Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inclusion of phytase in pig diets enables diets with less total P to be nutritionally adequate and may reduce P excretion by pigs (Veum et al, 2006;Veum and Ellersieck, 2008;Emiola et al, 2009). Because MCP requires a large amount of nonsolar energy to produce, its near elimination from diet formulations greatly reduces nonsolar energy inputs for complete diet production.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Nonsolar energy use and one-hundred-year global warming potential of Iowa swine feedstuffs and feeding strategies1

Lammers

Kenealy

Kliebenstein

et al. 2010

Journal of Animal Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Demand for nonsolar energy and concern about the implications of fossil fuel combustion have encouraged examination of energy use associated with agriculture. The United States is a global leader in pig production, and the United States swine industry is centered in Iowa. Feed is the largest individual input in pig production, but the energy consumption of the Iowa swine feed production chain has yet to be critically examined. This analysis examines nonsolar energy use and resulting 100-yr global warming potential (GWP) associated with the swine feed production chain, beginning with cultivation of crops and concluding with diet formulation. The nonsolar energy use and accompanying 100-yr GWP associated with production of 13 common swine feed ingredients are estimated. Two diet formulation strategies are considered for 4 crop sequence × ingredient choice combinations to generate 8 crop sequence × diet formulation scenarios. The first formulation strategy (simple) does not include synthetic AA or phytase. The second strategy (complex) reduces CP content of the diet by using L-lysine to meet standardized ileal digestibility lysine requirements of pigs and includes the exogenous enzyme phytase. Regardless of crop sequence × diet formulation scenario, including the enzyme phytase is energetically favorable and reduces the potential excretion of P by reducing or removing inorganic P from the complete diet. Including L-lysine reduces the CP content of the diet and requires less nonsolar energy to deliver adequate standardized ileal digestible lysine than simply feeding soybean meal. Replacing soybean meal with full-fat soybeans is not energetically beneficial under Iowa conditions. Swine diets including dried distillers grains with solubles and crude glycerol require approximately 50% more nonsolar energy inputs than corn-soybean meal diets or corn-soybean meal diets including oats. This study provides essential information on cultivation, processing, and manufacture of swine feed ingredients in Iowa that can be coupled with other models to estimate the nonsolar energy use and 100-yr GWP of pig production. KeywordsAnimal Science, Economics, crop production, feed processing, swine feedstuff ABSTRACT: Demand for nonsolar energy and concern about the implications of fossil fuel combustion have encouraged examination of energy use associated with agriculture. The United States is a global leader in pig production, and the United States swine industry is centered in Iowa. Feed is the largest individual input in pig production, but the energy consumption of the Iowa swine feed production chain has yet to be critically examined. This analysis examines nonsolar energy use and resulting 100-yr global warming potential (GWP) associated with the swine feed production chain, beginning with cultivation of crops and concluding with diet formulation. The nonsolar energy use and accompanying 100-yr GWP associated with production of 13 common swine feed ingredients are estimated. Two diet formulation strategies are considered f...

show abstract

Section: Diet Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonsolar energy use and one-hundred-year global warming potential of Iowa swine feedstuffs and feeding strategies1

Lammers

Kenealy

Kliebenstein

et al. 2010

Journal of Animal Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Hence, fecal and urine P excreted by the animals are presented and discussed in terms of their concentrations rather than the quantity produced. Animal performance data for this study has been reported elsewhere (Emiola et al 2009). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing Fecal and Manure Phosphorus from Pigs Fed Phytase Supplemented Diets

Abioye¹,

Ige²,

Akinremi³

et al. 2010

JAS

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We conducted this study to characterize phosphorus (P) forms in feces and manure from pigs fed phytase supplemented diets and to determine if higher phytase levels can result in greater reduction in manure P without increased P solubility. Twenty-eight growing pigs were fed diets containing varying levels of supplemental P and phytase. Phosphorus concentrations in feces, urine and manure were determined and fecal and manure P were fractionated. Phytase addition reduced P concentration in feces and manure but increased urine P concentration. The greatest significant reduction in fecal and manure P was in pigs fed diet containing 2000 U phytase kg -1 without supplemental P, with 33% reduction in manure P. Inorganic P constituted more than 85% of fecal and manure P and the percentage decreased with phytase addition. Our study showed that higher phytase levels up to 2000 U phytase kg -1 could offer additional advantage of reducing manure P concentration and solubility.

show abstract

“…Microbial phytase increases the apparent total tract digestibility of phosphorus (P) in pigs, but only to a maximum of about 44% to 59% in maize-soybean meal (SBM)-based diets fed low inorganic P addition (Brana et al, 2006;Emiola et al, 2009;Kerr et al, 2010). Thus, there is an increased focus on maximization of the efficacy of phytase to improve P digestibility further by 'pre-digestion' methods (soaking, fermentation) (Pedersen and Stein, 2010;Blaabjerg et al, 2010a) and feed processing (grinding, pelleting, heat treatment) (Oryschak et al, 2002;Pedersen and Stein, 2010;Blaabjerg et al, 2010b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of particle size and microbial phytase on phytate degradation in incubated maize and soybean meal

Blaabjerg

Poulsen

2014

Animal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of screen size (1, 2 and 3 mm) and microbial phytase (0 and 1000 FTU/kg as-fed) on phytate degradation in maize (100% maize), soybean meal (100% SBM) and maize-SBM (75% maize and 25% SBM) incubated in water for 0, 2, 4, 8 and 24 h at 38°C. Samples were analysed for pH, dry matter and phytate phosphorus (P). Particle size distribution (PSD) and average particle size (APS) of samples were measured by the Laser Diffraction and Bygholm method. PSD differed between the two methods, whereas APS was similar. Decreasing screen size from 3 to 1 mm reduced APS by 48% in maize, 30% in SBM and 26% in maize-SBM. No interaction between screen size and microbial phytase on phytate degradation was observed, but the interaction between microbial phytase and incubation time was significant ( P < 0.001). This was because microbial phytase reduced phytate P by 88% in maize, 84% in maize-SBM and 75% in SBM after 2 h of incubation ( P < 0.05), whereas the reduction of phytate P was limited (<50%) in the feeds, even after 24 h when no microbial phytase was added. The exponential decay model was fitted to the feeds with microbial phytase to analyse the effect of screen size and feed on microbial phytase efficacy on phytate degradation. The interaction between screen size and feed affected the relative phytate degradation rate ( R d ) of microbial phytase as well as the time to decrease 50% of the phytate P ( t1 = 2 ) ( P < 0.001). Thus, changing from 3 to 1 mm screen size increased R d by 22 and 10%/h and shortened t1 = 2 by 0.4 and 0.2 h in maize and maize-SBM, respectively ( P < 0.05), but not in SBM. Moreover, the screen size effect was more pronounced in maize and maize-SBM compared with SBM as a higher phytate degradation rate constant (K d ) and R d , and a shorter t1 = 2 was observed in maize compared with SBM in all screen sizes ( P < 0.05). However, a higher amount of degraded phytate was achieved in SBM than in maize because of the higher initial phytate P content in SBM. In conclusion, reducing screen size from 3 to 1 mm increased K d and R d and decreased t1 = 2 in maize and maize-SBM with microbial phytase. The positive effect of grinding on improving microbial phytase efficacy, which was expressed as K d , R d and t1 = 2 , was greater in maize than in SBM.

show abstract

Nutrient utilization and manure P excretion in growing pigs fed corn‐barley‐soybean based diets supplemented with microbial phytase

Cited by 27 publications

References 35 publications

Nonsolar energy use and one-hundred-year global warming potential of Iowa swine feedstuffs and feeding strategies1

Nonsolar energy use and one-hundred-year global warming potential of Iowa swine feedstuffs and feeding strategies1

Characterizing Fecal and Manure Phosphorus from Pigs Fed Phytase Supplemented Diets

Effect of particle size and microbial phytase on phytate degradation in incubated maize and soybean meal

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About