Nutrient variability for distillers grains plus solubles and dry matter determination of ethanol by-products

Buckner, Crystal D.; Wilken, Mallorie F.; Benton, Joshua R.; Vanness, S. J.; Bremer, Virgil R.; Klopfenstein, Terry J.; Kononoff, P.J.; Erickson, Galen E.

doi:10.15232/s1080-7446(15)30445-9

Cited by 38 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(7 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The inhaled gas then gains entry into the blood stream by alveolar diffusion and can exert negative effects within the brain, such as the lesions characteristic of PEM (Gould, 1998). The S content of distillers grains has been reported to vary between 0.3 to 1.7% (Buckner et al, 2011;Kim et al, 2012), which is likely due to differences in the fermentation processes among ethanol plants. However, the variability in the S content of the coproduct is a limiting factor to its inclusion in cattle diets (Klopfenstein et al, 2007); therefore, it would be favorable to find a feed additive to limit H 2 S production, allowing this feedstuff to be fed at greater inclusions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding ferric ammonium citrate to decrease the risk of sulfur toxicity: Effects on trace mineral absorption and status of beef steers

Pogge

Drewnoski

Hansen

2014

Journal of Animal Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of adding ferric ammonium citrate (FAC; 300 mg ferric Fe/kg DM) to a 0.51% S diet on diet digestibility, mineral balance, and 56-d performance of steers fed a high concentrate diet. Angus-crossbred steers (n = 18) were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatments: 1) control diet (0.21% S; CON), 2) CON + sodium sulfate (0.51% S; high S [HS]), and 3) the HS diet + 300 mg of ferric Fe from FAC/kg DM (0.51% S; HS+Fe). This study included 2 phases, 1) a metabolism trial (d -1 to 20) and 2) a 56-d feedlot trial (d 22 to 79). In phase 1, 2 groups of 9 steers (370 ± 9.5 kg) were adapted to diet (10 d) and metabolism stalls (5 d), and following the adaptation period, a 5-d total collection of feces and urine was conducted. Feed offered and refused was recorded daily, and diet digestibility and retention of Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn was determined. In phase 2, steers (384 ± 11.9 kg) were individually fed their respective diet in feedlot pens for 56 d and ADG was determined. From each steer, jugular blood and a liver biopsy were collected on d -1, 41, and 72 and d -1 and 72, respectively, for mineral content. Ruminal hydrogen sulfide concentrations (n = 18) were determined on d -1, 9, 23, 31, 41, 51, 61, and 72. In phase 1, DMI (P = 0.02), fecal output (P = 0.06), and intake of Cu, Mn, and Zn (P ≤ 0.04) were less in steers consuming the high S diets than CON, but DM and OM digestibility and urine excretion of minerals were not different (P ≥ 0.12) due to treatment. As a percent of intake, urinary excretion of Cu tended (P = 0.07) to be greater in the HS steers than the CON and HS+Fe steers, which did not differ (P = 0.74). In phase 2, BW, ADG, and G:F were not different (P ≥ 0.29) due to treatment, but DMI was lesser (P < 0.01) in the HS+Fe steers than CON and HS steers, which did not differ (P = 0.13). Ruminal hydrogen sulfide concentrations were greater (P < 0.01) in the steers fed high S diets than CON but were not different (P = 0.86) among the high S diets. Plasma Cu, Fe, and Zn concentrations were not different (P ≥ 0.27) due to treatment on all days. Final liver Cu concentrations were lesser (P < 0.01) in the steers fed high S diets compared with the CON, while liver Fe, Mn, and Zn concentrations did not differ (P ≥ 0.28) among treatments. In conclusion, adding Fe to a high S diet did not affect DM or OM digestibility or trace mineral absorption and status of steers relative to the HS diet alone.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding ferric ammonium citrate to decrease the risk of sulfur toxicity: Effects on trace mineral absorption and status of beef steers

Pogge

Drewnoski

Hansen

2014

Journal of Animal Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Consequently, sulfur content of corn ranges from 0.1 to 0.15% of dry matter (DM), whereas sulfur content of DDGS is usually greater than 0.6%, even greater than 1% . Moreover, the investigation of Buckner et al (2011) showed that variation in sulfur content was the largest for all nutrients tested in DDGS as coefficients of variation within days and across days (within the same ethanol plants) ranged from 3 to 13%. It is noteworthy that the dietary sulfur level for beef cattle recommended by the National Research Council (NRC 2000) is only 0.15% and its maximum tolerable concentration is generally estimated at 0.40%.…”

Section: Doi: 1017221/85/2016-cjasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of sulfur on the fermentation characteristics of corn distiller's dried grains with solubles in in vitro culture

He¹,

Wu²,

Chen³

et al. 2017

CZECH J ANIM SCI

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effects of sulfur on the fermentation characteristics of corn distiller's dried grains with solubles (DDGS) in in vitro culture were investigated. Samples (DDGS) were analyzed for nutrient values and then two independent in vitro experiments were conducted to study the effects of various sulfur sources (Na 2 S, Na 2 S 2 O 4 , Na 2 SO 3 , and Na 2 SO 4 ) and different sulfur levels (0.346, 0.692, and 1.038%) on the fermentation characteristics of DDGS. Based on sampling and chemical composition analysis, there existed a great variation in the concentrations of sulfur and proximate nutrients of DDGS. In Experiment 1, sulfur source showed a significant (P < 0.01) effect on the gas production parameters (asymptotic gas production (b) and gas production rate (c)) and gas production of DDGS -sulfur from Na 2 SO 4 and Na 2 S produced more (P < 0.01) gas within 48 h with a faster gas production rate as well as higher digestibilities (dry matter degradability and organic matter digestibility) and more energy supplies (metabolizable energy), net energy for maintenance and gain, and net energy for gain than sulfur from Na 2 SO 3 and Na 2 S 2 O 4 . Neither ammonia-nitrogen (NH 3 -N) concentration nor volatile fatty acids (VFA) profile (total VFA and individual VFA proportion) were affected by sulfur source (P > 0.05). In Experiment 2, no significant (P > 0.05) effect on the fermentation characteristics of DDGS with increasing sulfur content was found. The collective findings suggest that regular chemical analyses are necessary to make full use of DDGS, and that the valence state of sulfur in DDGS exerts an effect on its in vitro fermentation characteristics and there appears no dose-related effect of sulfur on the fermentation of DDGS in a short-term in vitro culture.Keywords: DDGS; rumen fermentation; byproduct; feeding value List of abbreviations: DDGS = distiller's dried grains with solubles, GP = gas production, DM = dry matter, EE = ether extract, NDF = neutral detergent fibre, ADF = acid detergent fibre, ADL = acid detergent lignin, Ca = calcium, P = phosphorus, CP = crude protein, NDICP = neutral detergent insoluble crude protein, ADICP = acid detergent insoluble crude protein, VFA = volatile fatty acids, MCP = microbial crude protein production, SCFA = short chain fatty acid, DDG = distiller's dried grains, DDS = distiller's dried solubles, SRB = sulfate-reducing bacteria, OM = organic matter, OMD = organic matter digestibility, DMD = dry matter degradability, NEm = net energy for maintenance, NEg = net energy for gain, ME = metabolizable energy, PF = partitioning factor

show abstract

“…Because of the burgeoning ethanol industry in the United States, distillers grains are becoming a common ingredient in dairy diets. However, numerous surveys have shown that the nutrient composition of distillers grains can be quite variable, depending on the source and other factors (Belyea et al, 1989;DePeters et al, 2000;Spiehs et al, 2002;Buckner et al, 2011). Within a survey, average fat concentrations among distilleries have ranged by as much as 4 percentage units, and within-distillery coefficients of variation have been as high as 12% (Spiehs et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects on lactating dairy cows of oscillating dietary concentrations of unsaturated and total long-chain fatty acids

Weiss

Shoemaker²,

McBeth

et al. 2013

Journal of Dairy Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The nutrient composition of diets can vary from batch to batch because of variation in the nutrient composition of ingredients. The concentration of fat in distillers grains can be highly variable and, coupled with a high dietary inclusion rate, can result in substantial variation in the fat concentration of the total diet. Our hypothesis was that variation in dietary fat concentrations over short periods would have negative effects on production measures of dairy cattle. Twenty-four Holstein cows were used in 8 truncated Latin squares (3 cows × 2 periods). Periods were 16 d long, with a 12-d washout period separating the 2 periods. The 3 treatments were 1) control, 2) moderate variation, and 3) high variation. The control treatment was a consistent diet over the 16 d and contained 5.8% (dry basis) total long-chain fatty acids (LCFA), 23.7% distillers grains, and 1.1% of dry matter as corn oil. The average concentration of LCFA over the 16-d period for the moderate variation and high variation treatments was also 5.9%, but concentrations of LCFA varied over time by the addition or removal of corn oil. The moderate variation treatment had a 4-d phase of 5.4% LCFA, followed by a 4-d phase with 6.4% LCFA to complete the cycle, and then the cycle was repeated. The high variation treatment followed the same cycle pattern, but concentration of LCFA was either 4.8 or 7.0%. Over the 16 d, dry matter intake and milk yield were significantly decreased by the high variation treatment (intake = 21.7, 21.8, and 20.7 kg/d; milk = 36.4, 37.6, and 35.4 kg/d for the control, moderate variation, and high variation treatments). The effect of variation appeared to be cumulative; differences were not significant in the first 8-d cycle but were in the second 8-d cycle. Milk fat concentration was low (2.4%) and was not affected by treatment or cycle × treatment. The concentration of trans-10 C18:1 in milk fat was very high (4.2% of total milk fatty acids) but was not affected by treatment. However, cows on the high variation treatment had higher concentrations of trans-10, cis-12 C18:2 in milk fat (0.036, 0.042, and 0.047% of milk fatty acids for the control, moderate variation, and high variation treatments). Overall, an extreme short-term fluctuation in dietary fat concentration was needed before negative effects were observed.

show abstract

Nutrient variability for distillers grains plus solubles and dry matter determination of ethanol by-products

Abstract: Vanness, S. J.; Bremer, V. R.; Klopfenstein, T. J.; Kononoff, P. J.; and Erickson, G. E., "Nutrient variability for distillers grains plus solubles and dry matter determination of ethanol by-products" (2011

Cited by 38 publications

References 8 publications

Feeding ferric ammonium citrate to decrease the risk of sulfur toxicity: Effects on trace mineral absorption and status of beef steers

Feeding ferric ammonium citrate to decrease the risk of sulfur toxicity: Effects on trace mineral absorption and status of beef steers

Influence of sulfur on the fermentation characteristics of corn distiller's dried grains with solubles in in vitro culture

Effects on lactating dairy cows of oscillating dietary concentrations of unsaturated and total long-chain fatty acids

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About