Nutrition and diabetes in South Asia

Gopalan, Hema S; Misra, Anoop; Jayawardena, Ranil

doi:10.1038/s41430-018-0219-6

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…In patients with infections caused by viruses, the MVM (1 × RDI) supplementation has been suggested (29). In several countries in South Asia, the deficiency of micronutrients, especially vitamin D and B 12 , has been reported (42).…”

Section: The Role Of Vitaminsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Strategy of Boosting the Immune System Under the COVID-19 Pandemic

et al. 2021

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The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection (COVID-19) has raised considerable concern on the entire planet. On March 11, 2020, COVID-19 was categorized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a pandemic infection, and by March 18, 2020, it has spread to 146 countries. The first internal defense line against numerous diseases is personalized immunity. Although it cannot be claimed that personalized nutrition will have an immediate impact on a global pandemic, as the nutritional interventions required a long time to induce beneficial outcomes on immunity development, nutritional strategies are still able to clarify and have a beneficial influence on the interplay between physiology and diet, which could make a positive contribution to the condition in the next period. As such, a specific goal for every practitioner is to evaluate different tests to perceive the status of the patient, such as markers of inflammation, insulin regulation, and nutrient status, and to detect possible imbalances or deficiencies. During the process of disease development, the supplementation and addition of different nutrients and nutraceuticals can influence not only the viral replication but also the cellular mechanisms. It is essential to understand that every patient has its individual needs. Even though many nutrients, nutraceuticals, and drugs have beneficial effects on the immune response and can prevent or ameliorate viral infections, it is essential to detect at what stage in COVID-19 progression the patient is at the moment and decide what kind of nutrition intervention is necessary. Furthermore, understanding the pathogenesis of coronavirus infection is critical to make proper recommendations.

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Section: The Role Of Vitaminsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Strategy of Boosting the Immune System Under the COVID-19 Pandemic

et al. 2021

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“…Protein-energy malnutrition and/or micronutrient deficiency are associated with an impaired immune system [13,14]. Micronutrient deficiencies are highly prevalent in the South Asian region and deficiencies of iron, zinc, vitamin D and vitamin B 12 are well established [15]. A review evaluating nutrition-based interventions for respiratory viral infections, reported vitamins A and D as well as trace minerals like selenium and zinc to have immune-modulatory effects [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Usage of nutritional supplements to improve immunity during the COVID-19 pandemic: An online survey

Francis

Sooriyaarachchi

Jayawardena

2022

Clinical Nutrition Open Science

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“…Some foods (e.g., fruits) are considered by patients to be "bad" for diabetes mellitus, and others (curry leaves, bitter gourd) are considered to be "good" [76]. Furthermore, adherence to prescribed diets is generally poor in South Asians and poses problems for weight loss, particularly in patients who have diabetes mellitus [77]. South Asians should be advised to reduce calorie intake, reduce sugar intake, increase consumption of complex carbohydrates, proteins, and nuts, and reduce the consumption of saturated fats and partially hydrogenated vegetable oils (vanaspati) [42,43,77,78].…”

Section: Management Of Obesity In South Asiansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, adherence to prescribed diets is generally poor in South Asians and poses problems for weight loss, particularly in patients who have diabetes mellitus [77]. South Asians should be advised to reduce calorie intake, reduce sugar intake, increase consumption of complex carbohydrates, proteins, and nuts, and reduce the consumption of saturated fats and partially hydrogenated vegetable oils (vanaspati) [42,43,77,78]. Interestingly, most South Asians are not aware that obesity is a strong risk factor for diabetes mellitus, and weight loss is often not considered to be part of the management of diabetes mellitus by South Asian patients [76].…”

Section: Management Of Obesity In South Asiansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity in South Asia: Phenotype, Morbidities, and Mitigation

2019

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Purpose of Review Obesity has increased in South Asian countries that are still grappling with undernutrition. In this review, we highlight the characteristics of obesity, its relation to morbidities, and its management in South Asians. A literature search was conducted using relevant search engines and based on key words focusing on obesity in South Asians. Recent Findings The increasing trend in obesity prevalence is caused by imbalanced diets and physical inactivity. South Asians, in general, have higher body fat and lower skeletal muscle mass at the same or lower BMIs compared to white people ("high body fat-normal BMI-low muscle mass" phenotype). In addition, excess abdominal adiposity, typically seen in South Asians, and increased hepatic fat (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) are associated with an increased risk for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Challenges in treatment include lack of awareness regarding correct diets and non-compliance to diet and exercise regimens. Social and cultural issues limit physical activity in South Asian women. Finally, there is a lack of expert health professionals to deal with increased cases of obesity. Aggressive management of obesity is required in South Asians, with more intensive and earlier diet and exercise interventions (i.e., at lower BMI levels than internationally accepted). At a population level, there is no clear policy for tackling obesity in any South Asian country. Prevention strategies focusing on obesity in childhood and the creation of food and activity environments that encourage healthy lifestyles should be firmly applied. Summary Obesity in South Asians should be evaluated with ethnic-specific guidelines and prevention and management strategies should be applied early and aggressively.

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Nutrition and diabetes in South Asia

Cited by 19 publications

References 53 publications

The Strategy of Boosting the Immune System Under the COVID-19 Pandemic

The Strategy of Boosting the Immune System Under the COVID-19 Pandemic

Usage of nutritional supplements to improve immunity during the COVID-19 pandemic: An online survey

Obesity in South Asia: Phenotype, Morbidities, and Mitigation

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