Nutrition and Exercise Interventions to Improve Body Composition for Persons with Overweight or Obesity Near Retirement Age: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Eglseer, Doris; Traxler, Mariella; Embacher, Stefan; Reiter, Lea; Schoufour, Josje D.; Weijs, P.J.M.; Voortman, Trudy; Boirie‌, Yves; Cruz-Jentoft, A.J.; Bauer, Silvia

doi:10.1016/j.advnut.2023.04.001

Cited by 26 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 144 publications

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“…A meta-analysis also confirmed that energy restriction in the elderly leads to muscle loss. Furthermore, even with a concurrent high protein intake, insufficient energy intake has been shown to increase the risk of sarcopenic obesity in the elderly [ 13 ]. Similarly, a meta-analysis indicated that a low-calorie, high-protein diet did not contribute to an increase in muscle mass or strength [ 33 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intervention studies have shown that concurrent high protein intake (1.2–1.4 g/kg body weight) in sarcopenic obesity reduces the risk of muscle loss due to reduced energy intake, as demonstrated in Italian women aged 41–76 [ 37 ]. Meta-analyses have suggested that the most effective strategy for addressing sarcopenic obesity in elderly individuals involves a combination of appropriate exercise and a high-protein diet [ 13 ]. Another meta-analysis highlighted the importance of a high-protein diet for managing sarcopenic obesity in adults, emphasizing the need for fat loss and muscle mass retention [ 33 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lifestyle modifications, including a healthy diet and adequate physical activity, have been elucidated as strategies to mitigate the risk of sarcopenic obesity [ 1 , 13 ]. Particularly, a high-quality diet plays a crucial role in both the risk and prevention of sarcopenic obesity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sex-Specific Effects of Dietary Factors on Sarcopenic Obesity in Korean Elderly: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study

Kim,

Hong

2024

Nutrients

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This study aimed to compare the dietary factors related to sarcopenia and obesity status in 5458 elderly individuals (2391 men and 3076 women) aged ≥65 years from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016–2019). Participants were categorized into normal, sarcopenia, obesity, and sarcopenic obesity groups. Sarcopenic obesity showed a higher prevalence of diabetes and lower HDL cholesterol levels compared to obesity. Sarcopenic obesity exhibited a lower total KHEI score and lower adequacy, including meat/fish/eggs/beans, than normal or obesity. In women, sarcopenic obesity scored lower than obesity on the total KHEI, adequacy for most foods, and balance of energy intake, and lower than sarcopenia on the adequacy of breakfast and milk/milk products. Sarcopenic obesity showed no significant difference in energy intake compared to sarcopenia, and less physical activity compared to sarcopenia and obesity, with a BMI/waist circumference comparable to that of obesity. Low total KHEI scores and scores for meat/fish/eggs/beans were most closely associated with sarcopenia in men and with sarcopenic obesity in women. In conclusion, low dietary quality and inadequate protein-rich foods are possibly associated with the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity in elderly Koreans, especially in women. Adequate energy intake and dietary diversity may be effective in managing sarcopenic obesity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sex-Specific Effects of Dietary Factors on Sarcopenic Obesity in Korean Elderly: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study

Kim,

Hong

2024

Nutrients

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“…Henderson et al [ 37 ] also showed that urinary incontinence and skin infections are common comorbidities associated with obesity. Although there are some sources in the literature suggesting that a controlled loss of fat mass in patients with obesity may help to reduce the prevalence of incontinence [ 15 ], this should be interpreted with caution since a weight loss intervention may lead to a loss of muscle mass, which should by all means be avoided in older patients [ 36 , 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity in Nursing Home Patients: Association with Common Care Problems

2023

Self Cite

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(1) Background: There is not much research about obesity in nursing homes although knowledge will help us to develop customized treatment plans and prevention strategies, which may help to decrease the burden for all persons involved. The objective of conducting this study was to describe the prevalence of obesity and the association between obesity and care problems in nursing home patients. (2) Methods: This study is a secondary data analysis of data collected in an annually performed cross-sectional study called “Nursing Quality Measurement 2.0”. A standardized and tested questionnaire was used to collect data. (3) Results: In total, 1236 nursing home patients took part, and 16.7% of them were obese. The multivariate logistic regression analysis results show that urinary incontinence is significantly associated with the presence of obesity (OR 2.111). The other care problems of pressure injuries, fecal and double incontinence, physical restraints, falls, and pain were not associated with obesity. (4) Conclusions: The results indicate that, in the nursing home setting, healthcare staff should pay special attention to the patients’ nutritional status and help patients to maintain a healthy weight and prevent a loss of muscle mass and function. Conducting more studies with larger sample sizes is recommended, as this will allow for differentiation among different obesity classes.

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“…In addition, aerobic exercise burns significantly more energy and may lead to a lower increase in MPS than resistance exercise. It is important to note that exercise form does not need to be one or the other, as a combination of RET and aerobic exercise is the most effective in improving functional status in older obese adults [ 31 , 32 ▪ ]. Thus, we recommend that the duration and intensity of physical activity, combined with a VLCD, need a monitored personalized approach.…”

Section: The Role Of Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

The impact and utility of very low-calorie diets: the role of exercise and protein in preserving skeletal muscle mass

Janssen,

Van Every,

Phillips

2023

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition &Amp; Metabolic Care

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Purpose of review Very low-calorie diets (VLCD) are used as a weight loss intervention, but concerns have been raised about their potential negative impact on lean mass. Here, we review the available evidence regarding the effects of VLCD on lean mass and explore their utility and strategies to mitigate reductions in skeletal muscle. Recent findings We observed that VLCD, despite their effects on lean mass, may be suitable in certain populations but have a risk in reducing lean mass. The extent of the reduction in lean mass may depend on various factors, such as the duration and degree of energy deficit of the diet, as well as the individual's starting weight and overall health. Summary VLCD may be a viable option in certain populations; however, priority needs to be given to resistance exercise training, and secondarily to adequate protein intake should be part of this dietary regime to mitigate losing muscle mass.

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Nutrition and Exercise Interventions to Improve Body Composition for Persons with Overweight or Obesity Near Retirement Age: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Cited by 26 publications

References 144 publications

Sex-Specific Effects of Dietary Factors on Sarcopenic Obesity in Korean Elderly: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study

Sex-Specific Effects of Dietary Factors on Sarcopenic Obesity in Korean Elderly: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study

Obesity in Nursing Home Patients: Association with Common Care Problems

The impact and utility of very low-calorie diets: the role of exercise and protein in preserving skeletal muscle mass

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