Nutrition and immunocompetence of the elderly: Effect of short-term nutritional supplementation on cell-mediated immunity and lymphocyte subsets

Chandra, Ranjit Kumar; Joshi, P.; Au, B.; Woodford, G.; Chandra, S.

doi:10.1016/s0271-5317(82)80003-1

Cited by 72 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Thus the role of malnutrition has been clearly established in immunodeficiency [Chandra, 1972;Cooper et al, 1974;Good, 19811 as well as the decreased response to immunization in malnourished children living in developing countries [Katz, 1977;Faulk and Edsall, 1978 et al, 19871. Conversely, more needs to be known on the effect of malnutrition on the immune status of elderly people from industrialized areas [Chandra et al, 1982;Moulias et al, 1985a;Lesourd, 19901, especially with regard to their response to infection and immunization [Lesourd et al, 19871. It has been previously shown that malnutrition could be responsible for decreased humoral immunity in the aged [Moulias et al, 1985b;Rajczy et al, 19861.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is there a relationship between malnutrition, inflammation, and post‐vaccinal antibody response to influenza viruses in the elderly?

Pozzetto¹,

Odelin

Bienvenu

et al. 1993

Journal of Medical Virology

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This study was designed to explore the relationship between malnutrition, inflammation, and the specific antibody response after influenza vaccination in the elderly. Eighty-two aged subjects, immunized annually against influenza with a trivalent inactivated vaccine, were evaluated for 9 protein markers (albumin, thyroxin-binding prealbumin, transferrin, immunoglobulins (Ig) G, M, and A, orosomucoid, haptoglobin, and C reactive protein) and for their antibody response to influenza viruses in comparison to 29 younger adults who received the same vaccine and 21 unvaccinated adults. IgM and nutritional markers were significantly reduced in the aged as compared to controls, while the opposite pattern was seen for IgA and inflammatory markers. No difference was observed between the elderly and the controls with regard to the antibody response to influenza virus after vaccination. Reciprocally, influenza immunization had no influence on the levels of the protein variables. These results suggest that the protein status does not play an important role in the antibody response to influenza vaccination in the elderly, a fact which could be related to the slight involvement of cellular immunity in the defense against influenza reinfection.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is there a relationship between malnutrition, inflammation, and post‐vaccinal antibody response to influenza viruses in the elderly?

Pozzetto¹,

Odelin

Bienvenu

et al. 1993

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…The presence of dysphagia has been associated with an increased risk of chest infection, poor nutritional state, and mortality [5]. Prolonged conditions with protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) can deprive immune functions and increase morbidity from infectious diseases and mortality [6][7][8]. It has also been suggested that PEM may alter muscle and nerve function and thereby increase swallowing impairment [9].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Dysphagia Improves Nutritional Conditions in Stroke Patients

et al. 1999

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Dysphagia is a common symptom in stroke patients, and malnutrition is prevalent among these patients. Thus far, nutritional effects of dysphagic treatment have not been evaluated. The aim of the present report was to study the effects of swallowing techniques on nutritional and anthropometric variables. A survey with follow-up was performed at the Departments of Geriatric Medicine and Neurology, Malmö University Hospital, Sweden. Thirty-eight stroke patients, 53-89 years of age, with subjective complaints of dysphagia and oral/pharyngeal dysfunction according to videofluoroscopic barium swallowing examination (VSBE), were given swallowing treatment. The treatment included oral motor exercise, different swallowing techniques, positioning, and diet modification. Plasma protein levels, body composition, VSBE, and a viso-analogical scale for subjective complaints were repeated before and after treatment. At baseline, 94% of cases had signs of penetration and 50-72% had plasma protein levels below recommended levels. Treatment reduced the degree of oral dysfunction, (dissociation) and pharyngeal dysfunction (penetration and constrictor paresis). Sixty percent of cases showed an improved overall VSBE score, and improved levels of albumin and total iron-binding capacity were restricted to this group. In cases with unchanged or decreased VSBE score, body weight was reduced and a negative correlation to total iron-binding capacity was noted (r = -0.60, p < 0.05). Changes of subjective complaints did not correlate with swallowing function or nutritional improvements. Swallowing treatment improves swallowing function, and improved swallowing function is associated with improvements in nutritional parameters. Subjective complaints is not sufficient to evaluate the clinical course, and nutritional parameters should be monitored in patients with oral or pharyngeal dysfunction.

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“…Lack of cytokine release results in a decreased mobilization of body reserves in the malnourished elderly, which causes an inadequate nutrient supply to lymphocytes, which further impairs the defense mechanisms. Some studies have shown that the intake of dietary supplements is able to reverse the majority of changes seen in cell-mediated immunity (92).…”

Section: Immune System Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As in humoral immunity studies, use of dietary supplements in malnourished elderly patients improves antibody response (92). They may therefore be indicated in such patients before they are vaccinated.…”

Section: Immune System Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%