Nutrition for conception and pregnancy.

Robinson, Jennifer D.; Rooke, J. A.; McEvoy, T.G.; Freer, Mandy; Dove, Harry

doi:10.1079/9780851995953.0189

Cited by 48 publications

(55 citation statements)

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“…To our knowledge, there are no other studies examining birth weight of lambs born to ewes that were lactating over the breeding period and early pregnancy. The lack of an effect is most likely due to the low energy demand of the foetus during early gestation (Robinson et al 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of weaning pre‐ or post‐mating on performance of spring‐mated ewes and their lambs in New Zealand

deNicolo

Morris

Kenyon

et al. 2006

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of lactation over the breeding period and early gestation on ewe reproductive performance and liveweight. Romney ewes (n = 206) with lambs at foot were allocated to either Early or Late weaning groups, synchronised with CIDRs and joined with Suffolk rams 69 days postpartum (P0). Lambs from the Early group were weaned at P0 while lambs from the Late group were weaned at P21. The ovaries of each ewe were observed laparascopically at P9. Late weaned lambs were significantly heavier (P < 0.001) at P21 and P47 than lambs in the Early group. There was no effect of ewe treatment on ewe reproductive performance, liveweight over the breeding period, number of corpora lutea present, pregnancy rates, or on liveweight of the ewes at the subsequent lambing and lactation. Birth and liveweights of subsequent lambs were not affected by the treatment of the ewe over the breeding period. This research suggests that the breeding of suckling ewes in an accelerated lamb production system has no effect on ewe reproductive performance or on subsequent lamb production.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of weaning pre‐ or post‐mating on performance of spring‐mated ewes and their lambs in New Zealand

deNicolo

Morris

Kenyon

et al. 2006

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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“…McCance and Alexander (1959) calculated that the heat produced by a 3.5 kg fasted lamb under field conditions is 0.19 MJ/h, which equates to about 30 ml/colostrum. On this basis, a new-born lamb requires between 180 and 290 ml of colostrum/kg BW during the first 18 h after birth (Shubber et al, 1979;Mellor and Cockburn, 1986;Mellor and Murray, 1986;Mellor, 1988), on top of an immediate requirement at birth of 50 ml/kg BW to avoid hypothermia (Robinson et al, 2002). Pattinson et al (1995) suggested that the weight of colostrum required by a lamb varies from 140 to 175 g/kg of birth weight during the first 24 h of life for lambs born indoors at temperatures between 2°C and 10°C.…”

Section: Colostrum Requirements Of the New-born Lambmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colostrum production in ewes: a review of regulation mechanisms and of energy supply

Banchero

Milton

Lindsay

et al. 2015

Animal

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In sheep production systems based on extensive grazing, neonatal mortality often reaches 15% to 20% of lambs born, and the mortality rate can be doubled in the case of multiple births. An important contributing factor is the nutrition of the mother because it affects the amount of colostrum available at birth. Ewes carrying multiple lambs have higher energy requirements than ewes carrying a single lamb and this problem is compounded by limitations to voluntary feed intake as the gravid uterus compresses the rumen. This combination of factors means that the nutritional requirements of the ewe carrying multiple lambs can rarely be met by the supply of pasture alone. This problem can overcome by supplementation with energy during the last week of pregnancy, a treatment that increases colostrum production and also reduces colostrum viscosity, making it easier for the neonatal lamb to suck. In addition, litter size and nutrition both accelerate the decline in concentration of circulating progesterone that, in turn, triggers the onsets of both birth and lactogenesis, and thus ensures the synchrony of these two events. Furthermore, the presence of colostrum in the gut of the lamb increases its ability to recognize its mother, and thus improves mother-young bonding. Most cereal grains that are rich in energy in the form of starch, when used as supplements in late pregnancy will increase colostrum production by 90% to 185% above control (unsupplemented) values. Variation among types of cereal grain in the response they induce may be due to differences in the amount of starch digested post-ruminally. As a percentage of grain dry matter intake, the amount of starch entering the lower digestive tract is 14% for maize, 8.5% for barley and 2% for oats. Supplements of high quality protein from legumes and oleiferous seeds can also increase colostrum production but they are less effective than cereal grains. In conclusion, short-term supplementation before parturition, particularly with energy-rich concentrates, can improve colostrum production, help meet the energy and immunological requirements for new-born lambs, and improve lamb survival.

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“…E-mail: camila.munoz@afbini.gov.uk Council, 2007). Production stages such as gestation and lactation not only determine a higher demand for nutrients but also add complexity in nutrient partitioning and utilization due to numerous pregnancy-induced adaptations in maternal tissue metabolism (reviewed by Robinson et al, 2002). Annett and Carson (2006) demonstrated that mature and adolescent ewes do not respond in equivalent ways to different planes of nutrition during early pregnancy (EP) (day 0 to 30 of gestation).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of plane of nutrition of 1- and 2-year-old ewes in early and mid-pregnancy on ewe reproduction and offspring performance up to weaning

Muñoz

Carson

McCoy

et al. 2009

Animal

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The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of plane of nutrition in early pregnancy (EP) and mid-pregnancy (MP), on the productive performance of 1-and 2-year-old ewes and their offspring. Over 2 successive years, between days 0 and 39 after synchronized mating (EP), 1-(n 5 117) and 2-(n 5 52) year-old ewes were allowed 60% (low, L-EP), 100% (medium, M-EP) or 200% (high, H-EP) of requirements for maintenance (M). Between days 40 and 90 (MP), 1-year-old ewes were allowed 140% (M-MP) or 200% (H-MP), while 2-year-old ewes were allowed 80% (M-MP) or 140% (H-MP) of their M requirement. After day 90, all ewes were fed to meet requirements for late pregnancy. Increasing the plane of nutrition between days 0 and 39 resulted in increases in live weight (LW) ( P , 0.001) and body condition score (BCS) ( P , 0.001) during the EP period (H-EP . M-EP . L-EP), differences that in 1-year-old ewes were sustained to lambing ( P , 0.05). On day 42 of gestation H-EP ewes had lower plasma progesterone concentrations than L-EP or M-EP ewes in 1-( P , 0.01) and 2-( P , 0.001) year olds. This was concomitant with diet H-EP tending to reduce the number of lambs born per ewe in both age groups ( P 5 0.06 and 0.07, respectively). Foetuses from 1-year-old L-EP ewes had smaller cranial ( P , 0.01) and abdominal ( P , 0.05) diameters at day 53 of gestation, with H-EP lambs tending to be heaviest at birth ( P 5 0.07). Similar findings were recorded for 2-year-old ewes. One-year-old ewes offered diet L-EP presented negative maternal behaviours more frequently ( P , 0.05), while the incidence of lamb mortality at 6 weeks tended to be greater for L-EP lambs ( P 5 0.07). In MP, 1-year-old ewes offered diet M-MP were associated with foetuses with bigger abdominal diameters at day 78 ( P , 0.05). However, there were no differences in lamb weight or size at term ( P . 0.05). These ewes exhibited more positive maternal behaviours (e.g. increased grooming frequency and duration; P , 0.05) than ewes offered diet H-MP, and their offspring were more successful in suckling ( P , 0.05). Results suggest that in young ewes, a temporary nutrient restriction in EP resulted in increased prolificacy. However, ewes and their offspring were lighter at birth and ewe maternal behaviour was poorer, resulting in increased lamb mortality. In MP, a medium plane of nutrition offered to 1-year-old ewes led to improved maternal and offspring behaviour.

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Nutrition for conception and pregnancy.

Cited by 48 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of weaning pre‐ or post‐mating on performance of spring‐mated ewes and their lambs in New Zealand

Effect of weaning pre‐ or post‐mating on performance of spring‐mated ewes and their lambs in New Zealand

Colostrum production in ewes: a review of regulation mechanisms and of energy supply

Effect of plane of nutrition of 1- and 2-year-old ewes in early and mid-pregnancy on ewe reproduction and offspring performance up to weaning

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