Nutrition of the Bedouins in the Negev Desert

Groen, J. J.; Balogh, M.; Levy, Mina; Yaron, E.; Zemach, Ruth; Benaderet, Sara

doi:10.1093/ajcn/14.1.37

Cited by 25 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…Nevertheless, milk, dairy products, and blood – the most important secondary products from herded animals – likely dominated earlier Bedouin diets (Hobbs, ). Cheeses, yoghurt, butter, and afik made from sour milk and salt are commonly consumed with bread in modern Bedouin groups (Groen et al ., ). Meat and offal were rare commodities obtained by supplemental hunting in order to preserve the herd, allowing it to remain economically sustainable (Hobbs, ).…”

Section: Subsistence Practices Among the Bedouinmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Breads, traditionally made from ground cereals such as wheat or barley, were a major food group (Burckhardt, ; Groen et al ., ; Abu‐Saad et al ., ). If agropastoralism was in fact taking place, Bedouin groups may have engaged in the small‐scale cultivation of cereals, including barley, millet, and wheat (Abu‐Saad et al ., , ; Palmer, ).…”

Section: Subsistence Practices Among the Bedouinmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Meat and offal were rare commodities obtained by supplemental hunting in order to preserve the herd, allowing it to remain economically sustainable (Hobbs, ). Herd animals were slaughtered, but only infrequently and on special occasions (Groen et al ., ; Al‐Ani, ; Abu‐Saad et al ., ).…”

Section: Subsistence Practices Among the Bedouinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isotopic Evidence for Diet Among Historic Bedouin of Khirbat al‐Mudayna, Jordan

Gregoricka

Judd

2015

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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Interpreting the behaviours of nomadic groups from the archaeological record is particularly challenging owing to the ephemeral remains produced by their lifestyle. As such, human burialseven from isolated contextsprovide a wealth of information about these transient groups. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis of a series of human skeletal remains (n = 22) from isolated burials were utilized to reconstruct the diet of historic (ca. 13 th -19 th century CE) Bedouin from the Khirbat al-Mudayna vicinity in modern-day Jordan. Carbon isotope values ranging from À17.7 to À12.5‰ point to variable dietary contributions from both C 3and C 4 -based foods, while corresponding faunal δ 13 C ratios (x = À19.0 ± 1.7‰, 1σ) exhibit depletion in 13 C characteristic of a predominantly C 3 diet. While mean human δ 15 N values ( x = 12.7 ± 1.9‰, 1σ) may suggest that the majority of protein consumed by these nomads came from animal and not plant sources, elevated δ 15 N ratios in some fauna may be indicative of 15 N-enriched soils as reported in some arid desert environments. Considerable variability in both δ 13 C and δ 15 N values also points to differences in individual life histories and subsistence economies over time. Despite a lack of temporal cohesion, these data illustrate the information that can be gleaned from the isolated interments of nomadic or semi-nomadic individuals.

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Section: Subsistence Practices Among the Bedouinmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Subsistence Practices Among the Bedouinmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Isotopic Evidence for Diet Among Historic Bedouin of Khirbat al‐Mudayna, Jordan

Gregoricka

Judd

2015

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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“…groups, namely Trappist monks in Holland (Groen, Tijong, Koster, Willebrands, Verdonck & Pierloot, 1962), Yemenite Jews (Groen, Balogh & Yaron, 1966) and Arab Bedouin (Groen, Balogh, Levy, Yaron, Zemach & Benaderct, 1964) in Israel.…”

Section: Symposium Proceedings I973mentioning

confidence: 99%

Why bread in the diet lowers serum cholesterol

1973

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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This paper will deal exclusively with the relationship between diet and serum cholesterol level. Many publications have appeared in which the role of diet in the production of atherosclerosis and ischaemic heart disease has been discussed. However, in these discussions it is often not sufficiently realized that ischaemic heart disease is a condition of multifactorial origin and that diet and serum cholesterol level are only one of the several factors which influence its prevalence, incidence and effect on mortality rates.As a further restriction this paper will deal only with experience in the human. I n this respect two main methods have been used to elucidate the effect of different dietary factors on the serum cholesterol level. Different diets have been given to healthy human volunteers and in-patients, and as a result of this work it is now agreed that certain nutrients, especially saturated fats, cholesterol and sucrose (when taken in excessive amounts), increase the serum cholesterol level. There is less unanimity of opinion about the role of other dietary factors. Several investigators have shown that when saturated fat in the diet is replaced isoenergetically by polyunsaturated fat the serum cholesterol level is reduced; monounsaturated fat has a similar effect but it is less pronounced. From these observations, it has been concluded that polyunsaturated fat has a specific effect in lowering the serum cholesterol.Other authors have confirmed these observations but have found in control experiments that when saturated fat is replaced by foodstuffs like bread, rice or oats, the serum cholesterol level is also lowered. I n their opinion therefore dietary saturated fat has the specific effect of increasing the serum cholcsterol level; the replacement of saturated fat by almost all other nutrients (and not specifically by polyunsaturated fat) merely reduces the serum cholesterol level to its physiologically normal level.A second approach in assessing the role of dietary factors in determining the serum cholesterol level has been the use of what may be called nutritional epidemiology. This method compares the serum cholesterol levels of certain population groups who eat different diets, and attempts to correlate differences in serum cholesterol levels with certain factors in the diet. I n this respect special attention has been given to population groups which are distinguished by low average serum cholesterol levels, because these groups also have low frequencies of ischaemic heart disease. It is therefore of great medical importance to identify the factors which are responsible for these low serum cholesterol values. I have been able to examine three such https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi

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“…They have always 1 Corresponding author. Throughout the 1950's and 1960's there was little evidence for ischemic heart disease (IHD) among the Bedouins (3,4,10,18). Since the early 1970's the indications are that IHD is on the increase (14) and this may be attributed to the changes in their lifestyles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among male bedouins: A population in transition

Fraser

Weitzman

Blondheim³

et al. 1990

Eur J Epidemiol

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Accumulating evidence suggests that cardiovascular disease which was very rare among Negev Bedouins until the 1970's is now on the increase. The Bedouin nomads are being settled in townships and are changing habits and lifestyles as a result. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of known cardiovascular risk factors in Bedouins at different levels of lifestyle changes. To do so, the prevalence of the risk factors was examined in a traditional tribal group and in a settled Bedouin group. Among settled Bedouins, 15% were obese (BMI greater than 30) and a further 35% were overweight (BMI 25-29.9), as compared with no obesity and only 23% of overweight in the tribal group. The differences were most marked in the younger age group. Mean LDL-cholesterol levels also differed between the two study groups, being significantly higher in settled than in tribal Bedouins (113.9 mg% +/- SD 28.6 vs 96.9 mg% +/- SD 27.1 respectively, p less than 0.05). High BMI and LDL-cholesterol were both significantly and independently associated with being settled. No differences between the groups were found in relation to blood pressure, smoking and fasting blood glucose. It appears therefore that settlement of nomadic Bedouins and the changes associated with it, alter the pattern of cardiovascular risk factors in this population.

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Nutrition of the Bedouins in the Negev Desert

Cited by 25 publications

References 1 publication

Isotopic Evidence for Diet Among Historic Bedouin of Khirbat al‐Mudayna, Jordan

Isotopic Evidence for Diet Among Historic Bedouin of Khirbat al‐Mudayna, Jordan

Why bread in the diet lowers serum cholesterol

The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among male bedouins: A population in transition

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