Nutrition of the cat

Dickinson, Cecilia D.; Scott, Patricia P.

doi:10.1079/bjn19560047

Cited by 20 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Kittens rank among the fastest growing mammals and require approximately 29 percent of their calories from protein for maximum growth. This is also reflected by the high protein content of cat milk (6). Adult cats also have high protein requirements, and when protein (from fish and liver origin) comprised less than 21 percent of the diet on a dry weight basis, taurine disappeared from the urine.…”

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Retinal Degeneration Associated with Taurine Deficiency in the Cat

Hayes

Carey

Schmidt

1975

Science

550

119

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A degeneration of the retinal photoreceptor cells develops in cats when casein is the source of dietary protein. Amino acid profiles indicate that the degeneration is associated with a selective decrease in plasma and retinal taurine concentrations. A sulfur amino acid deficit in the casein diet combined with specific amino acid requirements of the cat appear related to this unique expression of taurine deficiency.

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“…Retinal image motion accompanying movement of the eyes is not sufficient to produce pronounced visual phantoms. This implies that the phantoms are generated somewhere in the nervous system central to the processing of information about the state of the extraocular muscles (6).…”

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confidence: 99%

Retinal Degeneration Associated with Taurine Deficiency in the Cat

Hayes

Carey

Schmidt

1975

Science

550

119

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“…Dickinson & Scott (1955) found that a diet in which protein provided 240 g/kg dry diet, composed of herring and liver, was insufficient for growth of kittens. In a subsequent study (Dickinson & Scott, 1956) these investigators examined growth of kittens at four levels of dietary protein: 230, 300, 370 and 430 g/kg dry diet. Protein in these diets was supplied by white fish, herring and liver.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In addition, protein requirements determined using animal protein sources may be confounded by the association of the level of protein and palatability of the diet. Based on studies in which either casein or a mixture of fish and liver were used as the protein source (Dickinson & Scott, 1956;Miller & Allison, 1958;Jansen et al 1975), the (US) National Research Council (1978) recommended that 'a protein of a quality equivalent to that derived from unprocessed mammalian, avian or fish muscle should be presented at a level of 28 % of metabolizable energy (ME) in the diet of a growing kitten. This is equivalent to 35 % protein in a diet (dry basis) providing 21 kJ (5 kcal) MEjg dry matter'.…”

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The nitrogen requirement of the weanling kitten

et al. 1985

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1. The nitrogen requirement of the weanling kitten was determined in a series of three experiments. In each experiment, diets were formulated to provide the growing kitten with the essential amino acids at or above the level of requirement. Expt 1 utilized a 4 x 4 balanced Latin square design with two groups of kittens (four male and four female). The crystalline L-amino acid diets were presented at four levels of dietary crude protein (N x 6.25) of 140, 160, 180 and 200 g/kg diet. The design for Expts 2 and 3 was a 6 x 6 balanced Latin square. For each of these experiments, groups of six male and six female kittens were assigned to diets. The six levels of dietary crude protein were 120, 140, 160, 180,200 and 220 g/kg diet; dietary N was supplied by crystalline L-amino acids for Expt 2 and casein plus a supplementary amino acid mix for Expt 3. Food intake, weight gain and N retention were determined in each experiment.2. A sigmoidal model y = P1+ P2/[1 +e(p3+p4. z)] was fitted to the response of weight gain and N retention to dietary N. The calculated requirement (95% of the upper asymptote, P1 +P2) for these experiments varied from 170 to 230 g protein/kg diet with the majority of these values falling between 180 and 200 g protein/kg.3. On the basis of these three experiments, the kitten's requirement for dietary crude protein is between 180 and 200 g/kg diet (28.8-32.0 gN/kg) for purified diets which provide a calculated 21 MJ metabolizable energy/kg diet.The dietary requirement for protein is based on two metabolic demands: (1) the necessity for sufficient quantities of essential amino acids in the proper proportions, (2) the necessity for adequate amounts of nitrogen to provide for the synthesis of non-essential amino acids and other nitrogenous compounds.Within the last 5 years the essential amino acid requirements for maximal kitten growth have been determined with crystalline L-amino acid diets. Protein requirements of the kitten determined before this information was available may have been inflated due to insufficient amounts of a particular amino acid. In addition, protein requirements determined using animal protein sources may be confounded by the association of the level of protein and palatability of the diet. Based on studies in which either casein or a mixture of fish and liver were used as the protein source (Dickinson & Scott, 1956; Miller & Allison, 1958;Jansen et al. 1975), the (US) National Research Council (1978) recommended that 'a protein of a quality equivalent to that derived from unprocessed mammalian, avian or fish muscle should be presented at a level of 28 % of metabolizable energy (ME) in the diet of a growing kitten. This is equivalent to 35 % protein in a diet (dry basis) providing 21 kJ (5 kcal) MEjg dry matter'. To define the N requirement more precisely we have completed three experiments in which all essential amino acids were supplied in adequate amounts and N was supplied as individual amino acids or casein. Food intake, weight gain and N retention have been determined in...

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Nutrition And Welfare

Sturgess¹,

Hurley²

2007

The Welfare of Cats

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Nutrition of the cat

Cited by 20 publications

References 7 publications

Retinal Degeneration Associated with Taurine Deficiency in the Cat

Retinal Degeneration Associated with Taurine Deficiency in the Cat

The nitrogen requirement of the weanling kitten

Nutrition And Welfare

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