Nutrition strategies to control post-weaning diarrhea of piglets: From the perspective of feeds

Tang, Qingsong; Lan, Tianyi; Zhou, Chengyu; Gao, Jingchun; Wu, Liuting; Wei, Haiyang; Li, Wenxue; Tang, Zhiru; Tang, Wenjie; Diao, Hui; Xu, Yetong; Peng, Xie; Pang, Jiaman; Zhao, Xuan; Sun, Zhihong

doi:10.1016/j.aninu.2024.03.006

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 176 publications

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“…Weaning diarrhea found in piglets is a common and significant economic issue in agricultural production since these animals exhibit slow growth, and both decreased feed efficiency and survival (1). The abrupt diet alterations necessary for weaning coupled with an immature intestine result in disorder of the intestinal microbiota leading to damage of intestinal barriers that triggers diarrhea (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microencapsulated essential oils alleviate diarrhea in weaned piglets by modulating the intestinal microbial barrier as well as not inducing antibiotic resistance: a field research

Xu,

Mo,

Cui

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Microencapsulated essential oils (MEO)have been used as antibiotic alternatives that can be applied to alleviate diarrhea in weaning piglet. We examined a large group of weaned piglets and incorporated essential oil containing thymol (2%), carvacrol (5%) and cinnamaldehyde (3%) in the feed of weaned piglets on an intensive production farm. The piglets were divided into four groups; Control (no additions) and chlortetracycline (Chl), essential oil (EO) and microencapsulated essential oil (MEO) were fed ad libitum over a 28-day trial period. We found MEO significantly reduced the incidence of diarrhea in the piglets that was also accompanied by increased average daily weight gains from days 14–28 (p < 0.05). MEO enhanced the antioxidant capacity in the piglets and serum total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) levels were significantly increased (p < 0.05). MEO also significantly reduced expression of genes related to ileal inflammation (IL-6, TNF-α and TGF-β1) (p < 0.05) and significantly (p < 0.05) increased in sIgA antibody levels. MEO influenced the composition of the intestinal microbiome and reduced Bacteroidota (p < 0.05) and thus altered the Firmicutes/Bacteroidota ratio. However, none of the treatments produced significant changes in the most common tetracycline resistance genes (p > 0.05). Metagenomic analysis indicated that MEO impacted DNA expression, virulence factors, antioxidant activity and antimicrobial activity. Metabolomic analysis of the intestinal content also indicated that MEO impacted tyrosine metabolism and primary bile acid biosynthesis suggesting improved intestinal health and nutrient absorption. This study paves the way for further research into the development and optimization of MEO-based interventions aimed at improving piglet health and performance while also providing a reference for reducing reliance on antibiotics in animal agriculture.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microencapsulated essential oils alleviate diarrhea in weaned piglets by modulating the intestinal microbial barrier as well as not inducing antibiotic resistance: a field research

Xu,

Mo,

Cui

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Andrographolide protects against the intestinal barrier dysfunction and inflammatory response through modulating ETEC virulence factors in a mouse model of diarrhea

Wang,

Fan,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Journal of Functional Foods

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Влияние Разного Уровня И Соотношения Аминокислот В Низкопротеиновых Рационах На Состояние Азотистого Обмена, Эффективость Использования Корма И Скорость Роста У Помесных Свиней

Родионова

2024

Проблемы Биологии Продуктивных Животных

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Предложенные в последние годы применения в кормлении свиней рационов с низким содержанием сырого протеина при достаточном балансировании количества индивидуальных аминокислот при оптимальном уровне обменной энергии в корме может способствовать реализации потенциала мясной продуктивности в период выращивания животных. Иссзедование проведегно на трёх группах (n=16) помесных поросят(♂ландрас ´ ♀крупная белая) в возрасте 63 суток, которые до достижения живой массы 45-54 кг получали комбикорм на ячменно-пшеничной основе (1-я группа, контроль: в 1 кгкорма 12,4 МДж обменной энергии, 120 г протеина, 7,7 г лизина, 4,6 метионина+цистеина, 4,8 г треонина; 2-я группа: 13,0; 122; 9,4; 6,1; 6,3 соответственно; 3-я группа: 13,6; 152; 10,8; 7,0; 7,2 соответственно). Эффективность использования азотистых веществ корма, суточные приросты живой массы и показатели мясной продуктивности во 2-й группе были выше, а расходы корма, сырого протеина, обменной энергии н а 1 кг прироста живой массы и 1 г отложенного белков меньше, чем в 1-й группе (P<0,05). Сдвиги в плазме крови уровня свободных аминокислот, мочевины, креатинина и активности щелочной фосфатазы, а в мышцах и печени – активности креатинкиназы, аспартатаминотрансферазы и аланинаминотрансферазы были адекватными изменениям продуктивных показателей. Заключили, что уровни обменной энергии и незаменимых аминокислот были оптимальными во 2-й группе при соотношении их в рационе по отношению к лизину (%): треонин 67, метионин+цистин 65, валин 63, лейцин+изолейцин 142, гистидин 33, триптофан 15, аргинин 54, фенилаланин+тирозин 96. The use of diets with a low crude protein content in pig feeding, proposed in recent years, with sufficient balancing of the amount of individual amino acids at an optimal level of metabolic energy in the feed, can help realize the potential of meat productivity of growing animals. The study was carried out on three groups (n=16) of crossbred piglets (♂Landrace × ♀Large White) aged 63 days, which until live weight of 45-54 kg received feed on a barley-wheat basis (in 1 kg of feed. I group (control) 12.4 MJ of metabolic energy, 120 g of protein, 7.7 g of lysine, 4.6 g of methionine + cysteine, 4.8 g of threonine: II group: 13.0; 122; 94; 6.1; 6.3; III group: 13.6; 152; 10.8; 7.0; 7.2, respectively; The efficiency of using feed nitrogenous substances, daily live weight gain and meat productivity indicators in II group were higher, and the consumption of feed, crude protein, metabolic energy per 1 kg of LWG and 1 g of stored protein was less than in I group (P<0.05). Shifts in the blood plasma level of free amino acids, urea, creatinine and alkaline phosphatase activity, and in the muscles and liver the activity of creatine kinase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were adequate to changes in productive indicators. Concluded that the levels of metabolic energy and essential amino acids were optimal in group II with amino acids ratio in the diet relative to lysine (%): threonine 67, methionine + cystine 65, valine 63, leucine + isoleucine 142, histidine 33, tryptophan 15 , arginine 54, phenylalanine + tyrosine 96.

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Nutrition strategies to control post-weaning diarrhea of piglets: From the perspective of feeds

Cited by 3 publications

References 176 publications

Microencapsulated essential oils alleviate diarrhea in weaned piglets by modulating the intestinal microbial barrier as well as not inducing antibiotic resistance: a field research

Microencapsulated essential oils alleviate diarrhea in weaned piglets by modulating the intestinal microbial barrier as well as not inducing antibiotic resistance: a field research

Andrographolide protects against the intestinal barrier dysfunction and inflammatory response through modulating ETEC virulence factors in a mouse model of diarrhea

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