Nutrition transition – Pattern IV: Leads Bangladeshi youth to the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity

Muktadir, Mohammad Hamid Al; Islam, Ashraful; Amin, Mohammad Nurul; Ghosh, Supriya; Siddiqui, Shafayet Ahmed; Debnath, Dipti; Islam, Monirul; Ahmed, Tufael; Sultana, Farhana

doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2019.04.034

Cited by 36 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…These findings are important, as obesity is increasing in Bangladesh 29 due to the nutritional transition, characterized by the adoption of highenergy Westernized diets, and reduced physical activity. 30 In our study, the level of education and working status were not significantly associated with hypertension in the multivariate analysis, though they were significant in the bivariate analysis. We found that the power of education and employment in explaining hypertension was diminished with the effect of BMI, as over 50% of the sample population who had higher education, were obese.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in Bangladesh: Findings from National Demographic and Health Survey, 2017–2018

Khan

Oldroyd

Chowdhury

et al. 2021

J of Clinical Hypertension

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The purpose of this study was to estimate the age-standardised prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension and to identify their risk factors in Bangladeshi adults. Data from 12 904 adults aged 18-95 years, available from the most recent nationally representative 2017-2018 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey were used. Hypertension was defined as having systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or a diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg, and/or taking anti-hypertensive drugs to control blood pressure. Age-standardized prevalence of hypertension and management were estimated with direct standardisation. A multilevel mixed-effects Poisson regression model with a robust variance was used to identify risk factors associated with hypertension and its awareness, treatment, and control. The overall agestandardized prevalence of hypertension was 26.2% (95% CI, 25.5-26.9); (men: 23.5%, women: 28.9%). Among those with hypertension (n = 3531), 36.7% were aware that they had the condition, and only 31.1% received anti-hypertensive medication. The prevalence of controlled hypertension was 12.7% among those with hypertension and 43.6% among those treated for hypertension (n = 1306). Factors independently associated with hypertension were increasing age, higher body mass index, being women, having diabetes, and residing in selected administrative divisions. A declining trend of hypertension control was observed with increasing age and low education. Hypertension is highly prevalent (one in four) in Bangladeshi adults, while awareness, treatment, and control are low. Irrespective of the risks associated with hypertension and its management, programs to increase its awareness, treatment, and control should be given high priority in reducing hypertension prevalence and improving hypertension control in Bangladesh.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in Bangladesh: Findings from National Demographic and Health Survey, 2017–2018

Khan

Oldroyd

Chowdhury

et al. 2021

J of Clinical Hypertension

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“…There was evidence in our study of more control of hypertension in people with overweight, not obesity, compared with normal weight. These findings are important as obesity is increasing in Bangladesh [29] due to the nutritional transition, characterised by the adoption of high-energy westernised diets, and reduced physical activity [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in Bangladesh: Findings from National Demographic and Health Survey, 2017-18

Khan

Oldroyd

Chowdhury

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Objective: To estimate the age-standardised prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension; and to identify their risk factors in Bangladeshi adults 18 years and above using the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) 2017-18 data. Methods: Data from 12, 904 Bangladeshi adults aged 18 years and older available from the most recent nationally representative BDHS 2017-18 were used. Hypertension was defined as having systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or a diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg, and/or taking anti-hypertensive drugs to control blood pressure. Age-standardised prevalence of hypertension and control were estimated with direct standardisation, and a multilevel mixed-effects Poisson regression model with a robust variance was used to identify factors associated with hypertension and its awareness, treatment, and control. Results: The overall age-standardised prevalence of hypertension was 40.0% (95% CI, 38.9-42.2); (men: 37.1%, women: 42.0%). Among those with hypertension (n=3531), 44.3% were aware that they had the condition and 39.1% were taking anti-hypertensive medication. Among those treated for hypertension (n=1306), only 41% had controlled hypertension. Factors independently associated with hypertension were increasing age, higher body mass index, being women, having diabetes, and residing in selected administrative divisions. A declining trend of hypertension control was observed with increasing age and those not being educated. Conclusion: Hypertension is highly prevalent (4 out of 10) in Bangladeshi adults, while awareness, treatment, and control are low. Irrespective of risks associated with hypertension and its management, awareness and control programmes should be given high priority in reducing hypertension, and improving hypertension control in Bangladesh. Keywords: Hypertension; awareness; treatment; control; Bangladesh

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“…Around 22% to 27% Bangladeshi youth were recorded as obese with different stages of obesity [32]. Another study says nearly 40% Bangladeshi youth, taking fast foods were recognized as overweight where 32% were noted as obese with different phases of obesity and overall prevalence of fast food consumption was about 53.8% [33].…”

Section: Risk Factors Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

TRACK Implementation: a Bangladesh Scenario

Mohiuddin¹

2020

cajgh

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With the increasing burden of non-communicable diseases in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), biological risk factors, such as hyperglycemia, are a major public health concern in Bangladesh. Optimization of diabetes management by positive lifestyle changes is urgently required for prevention of comorbidities and complications, which in turn will reduce the cost. Diabetes had 2 times more days of inpatient treatment, 1.3 times more outpatient visits, and nearly 10 times more medications than non- diabetes patients, as reported by British Medical Journal. And surprisingly, 80% of people with this so called “Rich Man's Disease” live in low- and middle-income countries. According to a recent study of American Medical Association, China and India collectively are home of nearly 110 million diabetic patients. The prevalence of diabetes in this region is projected to increase by 71% by 2035. Bangladesh was ranked as the 8th highest diabetic populous country in the time period of 2010-2011. In Bangladesh, the estimated prevalence of diabetes among adults was 9.7% in 2011 and the number is projected to be 13.7 million by 2045. The cost of diabetes care is considerably high in Bangladesh, and it is primarily driven by the medicine and hospitalization costs. According to Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, in 2017 the annual average cost per T2DM was $864.7, which is 52% of per capita GDP of Bangladesh and 9.8 times higher than the general health care cost. Medicine is the highest source of direct cost (around 85%) for patients without hospitalization. The private and public financing of diabetes treatment will be severely constrained in near future, representing a health threat for the Bangladeshi population.

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Nutrition transition – Pattern IV: Leads Bangladeshi youth to the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity

Cited by 36 publications

References 20 publications

Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in Bangladesh: Findings from National Demographic and Health Survey, 2017–2018

Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in Bangladesh: Findings from National Demographic and Health Survey, 2017–2018

Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in Bangladesh: Findings from National Demographic and Health Survey, 2017-18

TRACK Implementation: a Bangladesh Scenario

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