Nutritional and medicinal aspects of Rumex hastatus D. Don along with in vitro anti-diabetic activity

Abstract

Rumex hastatus being used for medicinal and nutritional purposes as a functional food in various countries is hereby evaluated by the gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy, proximate analysis, physicochemical (fluorescence) analysis, quantitative analysis of secondary metabolites and sensory evaluations studies. Various samples of R. hastatus were also evaluated for in vitro anti-diabetic potential. The investigational study demonstrated that R. hastatus is a rich source of carbohydrate, i.e., 432.4 mg/g. Moisture content, protein, fiber, ash content and fats were recorded as 22.8%, 133.9 mg/g, 124.4 mg/g, 54.5 mg/g and 25.6 mg/g, respectively. In the same way, the secondary metabolite displayed a relatively greater amount of flavonoids (84.5 mg/g) followed by saponins (65.5 mg/g) and alkaloids (49.5 mg/g). Similarly, the GC (FID-MS) analysis of R. hastatus revealed the detection of 120 compounds. Out of those identified compounds, selected anti-diabetic compounds were sorted out, viz butyl phthalate, phytol, ethylthreonine, dihydrobenzofuran, indoline, guanidine, nerolidol, myristic acid, palmitic acid, caryophyllene, anozol. In physicochemical fluorescence analysis and the sensory evaluation, data were also recorded along with the anti-diabetic with IC 50 value of 42.09 µg/ml. The overall investigational analysis of R. hastatus obviously demonstrated that this plant was a rich source of primary and secondary metabolites. It may be concluded from the GC (FID-MS) analysis that R. hastatus is a potential source of anti-diabetic constituents, which may confer hypoglycemic potential. Based on the recorded data it may also be inferred that R. hastatus is among safe and nutritious herbs, which can be used in lieu of green vegetables and functional food with anti-diabetic potential. ARTICLE HISTORYdifference is that each plant species differs in the amount and concentration of these substances. The plants rich in primary metabolites are usually used for nutritional purposes, while secondary metabolites are preferred for medicinal purposes. [6,11,12] The plants may possess fats, protein, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals in such quantity that are considered sufficient for our daily requirements. One can use specific species of plant as food that possess required amount of primary metabolites and low amount of secondary metabolites. But the plants that possess high amount of secondary metabolites than the primary metabolites can cause serious health complications. [13,14] So this is necessary to figure out the amount of nutritional and medicinal elements in those plants, which are being used as food by people.The nutritional values of various plants have been reported by different investigators. [15,16] Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by increase in blood glucose level. It can affect individuals at any stage of life but the frequency of diabetes is considerably high among the obese and aged people. [17] Various therapeutic measures are employed to alleviate the symptoms of this disease. One of t...

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Optimization of ultrasound‐assisted extraction of antioxidant compounds from Rumex hastatus with response surface methodology

“…Rumex hastatus D. Don ( R . hastatus ) is a plant of the family Polygonaceae, which has 48 genera and around 1,200 species (Ahmad et al., 2019) . R. hastatus is a herbaceous plant and occurs in many countries including Pakistan, China, and Afghanistan, between 700 and 2,500 meters altitudes (Sahreen et al., 2011).…”

“…According to a detailed literature survey, R . hastatus is used as a multifunctional plant (Ahmad et al., 2019). The entire herb of R .…”

“…According to the studies, R . hastatus contains considerable amounts of compounds with high anti‐diabetic potential (Ahmad et al., 2019). Natural products, generally, possess complex chemical structures that are highly difficult to synthesize in laboratories.…”

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