Nutritional and psycho-functional status in elderly patients with Alzheimer's disease

Saragat, Bruno; Buffa, Roberto; Mereu, Elena; Succa, Valeria; Cabras, Stefano; Mereu, Rosa María; Viale, Daniela; Putzu, P.; Marini, Elisabetta

doi:10.1007/s12603-011-0347-3

Cited by 52 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Given that Xc is directly related to the amount of soft tissue structures, and that R is inversely related to the ICW and ECW, this finding clearly indicates an alteration in BCM with a comparable amount of total body water in the groups, as can be observed in Figure 1. Our findings are in agreement with previous studies performed with BIVA, in which patterns in patients with AD were also characterized by a reduction in Xc/H values with preserved R/H [36,37].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Therefore, the BCM can also be defined as the FFM minus the extracellular mass (i.e., the bone mineral, and ECW), and consequently, a depleted level of BCM in the DG with respect to the CG is plausible even without significant differences in FFM between the groups. These findings suggest, in turn, a change in the FFM composition in the DG with respect to the CG, characterized by a relative increase in ECW with respect to ICW that can be interpreted as a low number of cells per unit volume [36]. This in turn could be compatible with a greater loss of skeletal muscle mass (SMM) because the decrease in SMM has been shown to be greater than that of the non-muscle lean (organ) mass in older adults [39,40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

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Bioimpedance vector analysis and conventional bioimpedance to assess body composition in older adults with dementia

et al. 2015

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a b s t r a c tObjective: Although dementia and nutritional status have been shown to be strongly associated, differences in body composition (BC) among older people with dementia have not yet been firmly established. The aim of this study was to assess BC through conventional and vector bioimpedance analysis (BIA and BIVA, respectively) in a sample of institutionalized older men with and without dementia, in order to detect dementia-related BC changes. Methods: Forty-one institutionalized men ages 65 y (23 without dementia [CG] and 18 with dementia [DG]) were measured with BIA and interpreted with BIVA and predictive equations. Results: Age (74.4 and 75.7 y) and body mass index (22.5 and 23.6 kg/m 2 ) were similar for DG and CG, respectively. Resistance and ratio of resistance to height did not differ significantly between the two groups. Reactance and ratio of reactance to height were 21.2% and 20.4% lower in DG than in CG. Phase angle was significantly lower in DG (mean ¼ 4.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.6 -4.3 ) than in CG (mean ¼ 4.7; 95% CI, 4.3 -5.1 ). Mean fat mass index (6 and 7 kg/m 2 ), and mean fat-free mass index (16.4 and 16.6 kg/m 2 ) were similar in both groups. BIVA showed a significant downward migration of the ellipse in DG with respect to CG (T 2 ¼ 15.1; P < 0.01). Conclusion: Conventional BIA showed no significant differences in BC between DG and CG, although reactance and ratio of reactance to height were about 21% lower in DG. Nevertheless, a body cell mass depletion and an increase in the ratio of extracellular to intracellular water were identified in DG using BIVA. BIVA reflects dementia-related changes in BC better than BIA.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Bioimpedance vector analysis and conventional bioimpedance to assess body composition in older adults with dementia

et al. 2015

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“…Given that our sample was selected to have no serious diseases and the statistical modeling has controlled for disease history, this small proportion of the sample could have suffered from malnutrition, as indicated by their relatively lowest CBMI. The finding was consistent with studies that examined the relation of nutrition to cognitive functions in the older adults [15,[18][19][20]29] and findings that overweight is unnecessarily related to impaired CF [30]. There are two possible explanations for their underweight.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Some studies examined the nutritional status of elderly either in term of BMI or measures of nutrition and found that those with moderate or severe cognitive impairment also had higher risks of malnutrition [15,[18][19][20] Although it was difficult to determine from these studies, there is good reason to consider that malnutrition caused cognitive impairment, as many nutritional elements are needed in biochemical processes [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body Mass Index Is Related to Cognitive Function in Chinese Older Adults: So What?

Yang¹,

Hu²,

Ai³

et al. 2017

J Gerontol Geriatr Res

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The relation between Body Mass Index (BMI) and cognitive function in the elderly was found conflictory in studies of western samples and under-explored in mainland China. This study explored the relation with a sample of 447 older adults from Wuhan, central China. Cognitive function was measured with the Chinese version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). A mixture modeling revealed that BMI was negatively related to cognitive function only in a small proportion of the sample, who averaged highest in age but lowest in education and BMI. Practical implication of this finding was discussed.

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“…The study of Saragat (30) showed that there is a strong link among cognitive score, nutritional status and body composition.…”

Section: Nutritional Status and Body Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alzheimer's Disease: From Genes to Nutrition

et al. 2014

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is widely identified as the most common cause of sporadic dementia. Its aetiology is still debated, as despite several hypotheses, different factors seem to play a role in its establishment and development. Recent studies have proposed a possible preventing role of nutrition. The weight loss typical of earlier phase of disease and the finding of malnutrition as a common trait between patients leads to hypothesize that a supplementation of specific nutrients seems to be useful and effective in terms of improvement of cognitive functions. Malnourished patients show also altered parameters when investigating inflammation markers: for example, hyperhomocysteinemia is a typical finding in elderly affected by dementia, and it can be prevented and corrected by using a proper nutrients supplementation. Pro-inflammatory state can be reduced with supplementation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins of the group Band phosphatidylserine, that can act reducing IL-lP (pro-inflammatory cytokine) and improving IL-IO (anti-inflammatory cytokine) synthesis. While investigating the role of nutrition, it seems to be deeply linked with genetic; a genetic onset AD-related could be latent and can be influenced by nutritional attitude. AD can be considered a sort of latent clinical condition that would disclose or not, depending also on micro-environment and nutritional parameters. The genetic expression can be influenced by assumptions or not of specific nutrients, with the promotion of different pro-or anti-inflammatory settings. The specific role of each micronutrient (in particular vitamins) and trace elements still needs to be punctuated, as they are involved in a pool of different reactions. Also genes acts not independently but in an interconnected pattern, in which the role of a single gene needs to be cleared, depending on others. This complex system of predisposing conditions and a possible role of nutrition as modulator of the inflammatory state is the object of this review.This review of the recent literature emphasizes how this field of study inherent nutrition is extremely promising in terms of prevention and of treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Moreover, the literature reinforces the need for early intervention in AD and suggests that multi nutritional intervention, targeting multiple aspects of the neurodegenerative process during the earliest possible phase in the development

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Nutritional and psycho-functional status in elderly patients with Alzheimer's disease

Cited by 52 publications

References 34 publications

Bioimpedance vector analysis and conventional bioimpedance to assess body composition in older adults with dementia

Bioimpedance vector analysis and conventional bioimpedance to assess body composition in older adults with dementia

Body Mass Index Is Related to Cognitive Function in Chinese Older Adults: So What?

Alzheimer's Disease: From Genes to Nutrition

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