Nutritional Components of Sea Cucumber and the Biochemical Characteristics of Autolytic Enzymes

Zhou, Da‐Yong; Wang, Yanchao; Xu, Jie; Kim, Sang Moo; Chang, Yaoguang

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-16512-2_2

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 79 publications

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“…Sea cucumber processing is vital to prevent autolysis, which causes nutrient depletion and quality deterioration during storage, leading to economic losses (Zhou et al, 2023). In the Indo-Pacific region, sea cucumbers are processed into various forms like dried (BDM or trepang), salted, frozen, frozen and vacuum-packed, non-dried, and ready-to-cook products, catering to diverse Asian markets (Purcell et al, 2014).…”

Section: Processing Of Sea Cucumbermentioning

confidence: 99%

Sea cucumber significance: Drying techniques and India's comprehensive status

Harini,

Natarajan,

Sunil

2024

Journal of Food Science

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Sea cucumbers, members of the echinoderm class Holothuroidea, are marine invertebrates with ecological significance and substantial commercial value. With approximately 1700 species, these organisms contribute to marine ecosystems through nutrient cycling and face various threats, including overfishing and habitat loss. Despite their importance, they are extensively exploited for diverse applications, from seafood to pharmaceuticals. This study investigates sea cucumbers' nutritional profile and bioactive elements, emphasizing their role as sources of essential compounds with potential health benefits. The demand for sea cucumbers, especially in dried form, is significant, prompting exploration into various drying techniques. Examining the global trade in sea cucumbers highlights their economic importance and the conservation challenges they face. Conservation efforts, such as awareness campaigns and international collaboration, are evaluated as essential steps in combating illicit trade and promoting the sustainable stewardship of sea cucumber populations.Practical ApplicationAround 1700 species of sea cucumbers were identified as vital ecological scavengers in the Holothuroidea class. High commercial value due to their health benefits, particularly their demonstrated inhibitory effect against various types of cancer. “Beche‐de‐mer” holds a 90% market share and is regarded as a luxury food item in Southeast Asian countries. Due to overexploitation, the species is classified as Schedule I under the Wildlife Protection Act (WPA) in India, prompting the implementation of a blanket ban on their harvesting to ensure its conservation.

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Section: Processing Of Sea Cucumbermentioning

confidence: 99%

Sea cucumber significance: Drying techniques and India's comprehensive status

Harini,

Natarajan,

Sunil

2024

Journal of Food Science

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Vitamin E Regulates the Collagen Contents in the Body Wall of Sea Cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) via Its Antioxidant Effects and the TGF-β/Smads Pathway

Wang,

Xu,

Yang

et al. 2024

Antioxidants

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A 70-day feeding experiment was performed to investigate the effects of dietary vitamin E at different addition levels (0, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) on the growth, collagen content, antioxidant capacity, and expressions of genes related to the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β)/Sma- and Mad-related protein (SMAD) signaling pathway in sea cucumbers (Apostichopus japonicus). The results showed that the A. japonicus in the group with 200 mg/kg vitamin E exhibited significantly higher growth rates, hydroxyproline (Hyp) and type III collagen contents, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, as well as the upregulation of genes related to Tenascin, SMAD1, and TGF-β. Additionally, the A. japonicus in the group with 100 mg/kg vitamin E exhibited significantly higher body-wall indexes, denser collagen arrangements, improved texture quality, higher activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and peroxidase (POD), as well as the upregulation of genes related to collagen type I alpha 2 chain (COL1A2), collagen type III alpha 1 chain (COL3A1), and Sp-Smad2/3 (SMAD2/3). In contrast, the A. japonicus in the group with 400 mg/kg vitamin E showed a decrease in the growth rates, reduced Hyp contents, increased type I collagen contents, collagen fiber aggregation and a harder texture, along with the downregulation of genes related to the TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway. Furthermore, the A. japonicus in the group with 400 mg/kg exhibited oxidative stress, reflected by the lower activities of SOD, GSH-Px, and POD. These results indicated that A. japonicus fed diets with the addition of 100–200 mg/kg vitamin E had improved collagen retention and texture quality by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes and the expressions of genes in the TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway. However, the excessive addition of vitamin E (400 mg/kg) induced oxidative stress, which could increase the collagen degradation and fibrosis and pose a threat to the growth and texture quality of A. japonicus.

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Nutritional Components of Sea Cucumber and the Biochemical Characteristics of Autolytic Enzymes

Cited by 2 publications

References 79 publications

Sea cucumber significance: Drying techniques and India's comprehensive status

Sea cucumber significance: Drying techniques and India's comprehensive status

Vitamin E Regulates the Collagen Contents in the Body Wall of Sea Cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) via Its Antioxidant Effects and the TGF-β/Smads Pathway

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