Nutritional Content and Health Benefits of Bangladeshi Eggplant Ccultivars

Abstract

The investigation was conducted at the Olericulture Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute and the laboratory work was done at Vegetable Research Technology Section, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh during 2019-20 with ten types (Six- OP, four- Hybrid) of eggplant cultivar viz., BARI Begun-4, BARI Begun-6, BARI Begun- 8, BARI Begun-10, BARI Hybrid Begun-2, BARI Hybrid Begun-4, SM233, SM275, Hybrid 5x216 and Hybrid 21x11 to study the nutritional composition and its human health benefit. Eggplant is ranked amongst the most top ten vegetables that provide the healthiest food with low calories and also contain high phenolic contents that are helpful in radical absorbing capacity. Each vegetable contains a unique amount of various nutrients that are strongly linked with the protection of different health diseases. There were no significant differences among the six OP and four hybrid cultivars regarding yield. Fruit yield was more or less the same but the main differences were in fruit size and color as well as fruit shape. We got the moisture content (91.39-94.87%, crude fiber (1.01-2.48%), ash (0.37-0.62%), protein (0.85-1.54%), fat (0.02-0.4%), carbohydrate (4.27-6.63%), energy (19.59-32.1Kcal), sugar (0.48-1.38%), ascorbic acid (6.57-17.21 mg 100g-1), anthocyanin (6.31-78.51 mgC3GE 100g-1). Significant amount of mineral were present in eggplant cultivars viz., K (122.38-162.27mg 100g-1), Na (4.06-8.51 mg 100g-1), Ca (26.62-48.33 mg 100g-1), P (14.45-23.45 mg 100g-1), Mg (15.42-24.8 mg 100g-1), Fe (0.91-5.0mg 100g-1), Zn (0.22-0.57mg 100g-1), Mn (0.25-0.41mg 100g-1) and Cu (0.10-0.16mg 100g-1). These nutritional amounts will able to provide a significant amount of nutrition to the human body for the proper growth. These compounds were found helpful in the cure of various diseases like cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-asthmatic, anti-platelet hypo-lipidemic, and hypotensive, etc. Today most modern scientific techniques are available to cure different various health problems but still majority of the population across the globe depends upon the vegetables sources nutritious food.

Phenotyping Local Eggplant Varieties: Commitment to Biodiversity and Nutritional Quality Preservation

“…The average ascorbic acid concentration in the different landraces ranged from 3.46 to 18.47 mg 100 g −1 FW. These values are consistent with several studies carried out on eggplant landraces (Bidaramali et al, 2020 ; Quamruzzaman et al, 2020 ). Some studies, such as Prohens et al ( 2014 ) have even found major differences between traditional varieties and commercial hybrids, meaning that, on average, landraces present higher ascorbic acid content.…”

“…The fruit of the eggplant not only contains proteins, minerals, dietary fibre, minerals of interest as potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, iron (Quamruzzaman et al, 2020 ), but is also enriched in polyphenols, including phenolic acids such as chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, and p -coumaric acid (Chumyam et al, 2013 ; Uscanga-Sosa et al, 2020 ), and flavonoids, including trace quantities of flavonols and a high content of various acylated and non-acylated anthocyanins specially in purple-coloured varieties (Koley et al, 2019 ). Also is appreciated for its content in other antioxidants as ascorbic acid (Fategbe et al, 2013 ) and vitamins, especially vitamin P (Dong et al, 2020 ), although has low provitamin A carotenoid content as compared to other Solanaceous crops such as tomatoes and peppers (Gürbüz et al, 2018 ).…”

AMF and PSB applications modulated the biochemical and mineral content of the eggplants

“…Its antioxidant properties may reduce the risk of various cancers, protect against cardiovascular disease, and prevent acute respiratory infections [6,11,12]. Furthermore, eggplant fibers aid digestion by removing toxins and harmful materials from the stomach, lowering the risk of colon cancer [13,14].…”

Performance of some spherical eggplant hybrids under plastic house and open field conditions

“…Notably, Sekara (2010) recommended the 'Epic' F1 hybrid for field production in temperate climatic zone, as this cultivar achieved a mean marketable yield of 40 t/ha: the early production (first four harvests) accounted for 13.5% of the total yield. Several researchers observed significant difference among different eggplant cultivars for early and total yield (Cocker et al, 2018;Suleiman, 2020;Quamruzzaman et al, 2020). 'Sawad El Laiel' and 'Petra' showed minimum number days from transplanting to first harvest.…”

“…'Amedo' produced thickest fruit diameter in both seasons, while there were no significant differences in fruit length among 'Petra', ' Amedo' and 'Blackberry'in the first season and among all cultivars in the second season. Many researchers recorded genetic verbality in physical characters of eggplant fruit among cultivars by Samlindsujin et al (2017), Mahmoud and El-Mansy (2018), and Quamruzzaman et al (2020). Regarding the interaction between production system and cultivars, the greatest fruit weight and fruit diameter were noticed in 'Amedo' planted in open field in both seasons and in 'Sawad El Laiel' planted in open field in the first season and in the second season, respectively.…”