Nutritional Determinants of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Risk: A Case-Control Study in Mexico

Abstract

Background: Variations in the incidence of cancer can be influenced by diet and specific lifestyles. In the last years, diet has been evaluated as an important factor in the development of ovarian cancer, even though the results have not been consistent. Dietary factors related to the risk of ovarian cancer in Mexican women were evaluated. Methods: A case-control study in Mexico City was done during 1995–1997 in a social security hospital, evaluating 84 new cases of ovarian cancer and 629 controls. A validated questionnaire with 116 items about the frequency and type of food intake was used. The analysis of nutrients was done with the residual method adjusted for total energy intake and other predictor variables through logistic regression methods. Also, partition models estimated the total caloric intake for other sources. Results: The nutrients negatively associated with ovarian cancer in the highest versus the lowest tertile were retinol (OR 0.52; p for trend = 0.03) and vitamin D (OR 0.43; 95% CI 0.23–0.80; p = 0.01; residual model). Additionally, carbohydrates were positively associated (partition model: OR 1.08; 95% CI 1.00–1.15), and tortilla intake did not show an association with ovarian cancer (OR 0.96; 95% CI 0.78–1.17). Conclusions: The diet of the Mexican population is rich in carbohydrates; in Mexico corn intake is the main energy source. On the other hand, vitamins such as retinol and vitamin D were shown to be associated with this neoplasm in a protective way; nevertheless, further studies are necessary to allow us to corroborate our results. This is the first attempt in our country that relates the Mexican diet to ovarian cancer.

Recurrence Season Impacts the Survival of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Patients

“…As regard to ovarian cancer mortality rates and solar radiation, high solar irradiance was shown to be associated with mortality rates of ovarian cancer in a worldwide study (Garland et al, 2006) while there was no association in other multinational studies (Robsahm et al, 2004;Mizoue, 2004;Tuohimaa et al, 2007). Moreover, epidemiological studies examining the relationship between dietary vitamin D and ovarian cancer also have been controversial (Bidoli et al, 2001;Salazar-Martinez et al, 2002;Goodman et al, 2002;Genkinger et al, 2006). Hence, the associations between the diagnosed season and prognosis of ovarian cancer were inconclusive.…”

Prospective Study of UV Exposure and Cancer Incidence Among Swedish Women

“…For each category of UV exposure history, we combined the exposure across each of the three decades of life recorded for all participating women (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29) [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] years) the first categories represent exposure accumulating over successive decades from age 10 to 39 years, whereas the last category reflects exposure in adult age only (i.e., 20-39 years). Solarium use is separated into four categories representing cumulative exposure from age 10 to 39 years.…”

Folate and related micronutrients, folate-metabolising genes and risk of ovarian cancer

“…We also found no convincing evidence for an association between genetic variants in the MTHFR, MTR and MTRR genes, and risk and no interaction between genotype and age, diet or other lifestyle variables. Early studies reported no significant association between folate intake and ovarian cancer risk but none included intake from supplements or considered the effects of alcohol intake (Kushi et al, 1999;Bidoli et al, 2001;Salazar-Martinez et al, 2002;McCann et al, 2003). Three reports have suggested that increasing folate intake is associated with reduced risks of ovarian cancer among women with moderate alcohol consumption (420-28 g/week; Kelemen et al, 2004;Larsson et al, 2004;Navarro Silvera et al, 2006), although others have not confirmed this (Pelucchi et al, 2005;Tworoger et al, 2006).…”