Nutritional evaluation of complementary food formulated from fermented maize, pigeon pea and soybeans

Abstract

Purpose -The purpose of this study is to nutritionally evaluate complementary food formulated from fermented maize, pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L.) and soybean. Design/methodology/approach -Maize, pigeon pea and soybean were the sole energy and protein sources, respectively. Experimental diets consist of dietary Basal (A), fermented maize-soybean-pigeon pea 70:15:15 (B), fermented maize-soybean 70:30 (C), fermented maize-pigeon pea 70:30 (D) and Nutrend (E) a commercial dietary. A commercial product (Nutrend) manufactured by Nestle Plc was obtained at Orisunmibare central market, Oshogbo, Osun State, Nigeria, and was used as standard diet. The formulated complementary foods were fed to 30 albino rats for 28 days. Findings -The results showed that the average weight gained increased for dietary B, C, D and E (73.8-142.60, 73.8-98.26, 73.8-93.62 and 73.8-91.86, respectively), but diet A caused a decrease from 73.8 to 62.72 g. Protein qualities of dietary samples including biological value (BV; 94.26-98.67), true digestibility (TD; 72.55-80.46), net protein utilization (NPU; 71.72-76.53), protein efficiency ratio (1.63-3.49), feed efficiency (0.16-0.35), net protein ratio (2.49-4) and protein retention efficiency (46.38-61.24).Originality/value -Protein qualities of dietatry samples determined including biological value (BV), true digestibility (TD), net protein utilization (NPU) among others. The complementary food formulated from maize, pigeon pea and soybean supported animal growth and favourably compared with the standard. Meaning that, the application of multiple plant protein (pigeon pea and soybean) in the formulation of complementary food may be suitable for feeding of infants or children in developing countries to alleviate protein energy malnutrition.

Proximate, Phytochemical and Gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) Analysis of the Carbonated Drink (Soft drink) Extract of Enantia chlorantha Stem Bark

“…In the gut, dietary fibres aid in the absorption of trace elements and also increase intestinal bowel movement, help in lowering blood cholesterol, triglycerides and protect against digestive disorders and cancer [13]. Also, plants with high amounts of crude fibre are requested for the treatment of obesity, gastrointestinal disorders, cancer, coronary heart disease, hypertension and constipation [14]. Fibre also cleanses the digestive tract by removing potential carcinogens from the body, prevents the absorption of excess cholesterol, adds bulk to the diet, prevents the intake of excess starchy food [15] and may therefore guard against metabolic conditions such as diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolemia [16].…”

Physico-Chemical and Sensory Evaluation of Maize-Pigeon Pea Based Complementary Foods Fortified with Milk and Fish powder

“…Pigeon pea, though indigenous to many communities in Nigeria, is grossly underutilized and unknown to many people in Nigeria. The use of Pigeon pea to improve the protein quality of starchy staples has been reported (Ibironke et al, 2014). Yellow maize contains 74.70 g carbohydrate, 9.26 g protein and 3.95 g fat per 100 g (Nigeria Food Composition Table (NFCT), 2017) and is rich in beta-carotene.…”