Nutritional experience and spacing of shock opportunities alter the effects of septal lesions on passive avoidance acquisition by male rats

Bengelloun, Wail A.; Burright, Richard G.; Donovick, Peter J.

doi:10.1016/0031-9384(76)90219-5

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The present experiment with adult female rats supports the contention that lesion-induced performance deficits are situationally specific (Bengelloun et al, 1976;Donovick et al, 1979;Goodlett et al, in press). In this case, the presence of familiar olfactory cues in the testing environment eliminated spontaneous alternation deficits associated with septal lesions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Previously, we suggested that one effect of septal lesions is to alter the way in which the animal attends to various environmental cues (Bengelloun et al, 1976(Bengelloun et al, , 1977Donovick, et al, 1979;Donovick, Burright, & Fink, 1978;Goodlett et al, in press). Thus, the septal area may be considered as part of a "comparator" complex which integrates need state, past experience, and present environmental cues; damage to the septal region alters the manner in which the organism assimilates information.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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The presence of home-cage stimuli attenuates spontaneous-alternation deficits in rats with septal lesions

et al. 1983

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The present experiment examined the effects of the olfactory context on spontaneousalternation performance of young adult, female rats following septal lesions. Separate groups of rats were given either septal lesions (n=24) or control surgery (n=24), and then tested on the 8th postoperative day for spontaneous alternation across three trials. Half of the rats in each surgical group were tested in the presence of home-cage nest shavings located in a tray beneath the apparatus; the other septal and control groups were tested over clean, unsoiled wood shavings. Rats tested in the novel, clean-shavings environment showed the typical perserverative deficits in spontaneous alternation associated with septal lesions. Rats with septal lesions tested in the presence of the familiar olfactory stimuli from the home-litter shavings alternated at rates similar to those of controls. The training context had no effect on the alternation performance of controls. These results were interpreted as indicating that rats with septal lesions are differentially responsive to sensory conditions. In particular, the familiar olfactory stimuli may be especially potent in reducing the "hyperreactivity" resulting from the altered sensory processing following septal lesions. Differential salience of olfactory stimuli following such lesions may be related to reports of shifts in social behavior following disruption of septal functioning.Previous work has indicated clearly that contextual and motivational cues present at the time of testing can modify the behavioral deficits typically associated with septal lesions. For example, the perseverative tendencies associated with septal lesions during extinction of a barpressing response (Fallon & Donovick, 1970) or spatial reversal performance (Goodlett, Donovick, & Burright, in press) can be attenuated with motivational shifts at the time of testing. Similarly, following septal lesions, deficits in performance of such tasks as passive avoidance depend on a number of factors, including the type of punishing stimulus employed (Frank

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

The presence of home-cage stimuli attenuates spontaneous-alternation deficits in rats with septal lesions

et al. 1983

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“…[13][14][15][16] The study of behavioural consequences of brain injuries and nutritional insufficiency in rats introduced basic neuroscience research to Morocco in the 1970s. [17] The closeness of North African neuroscientists to Middle Eastern and European training colleges encouraged them to continue their studies and contribute to the progress of neuroanatomy and neurosurgery. [18] In the seventeenth century, Yoruba traditional healers in Nigeria are credited with developing the earliest knowledge of neurological disorders in Sub-Saharan Africa.…”

Section: Neuroscience Education In Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroscience education in Africa, prospects and challenges

Olabode¹,

Calistus²

2022

SSMJ

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This review explores the scope of neuroscience education, the current and future trends and evaluates the limitations hindering the evolution of neuroscientific studies and research in Africa. Neuroscience is one of the most poorly addressed fields of study in Africa evidenced by the paucity of available data. Africa has a lot to do to improve neuroscience research. More government financing is needed if the continent’s research sector is to continue to expand. International scientific collaborations are an important part of integrating into the global research community. African neuroscientists must also participate in policy and decision-making to urge governments to finance research into Africa’s specific requirements.

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“…Strong ties to foreign Universities helped to establish neuroscience research which developed rapidly in the latter part of the twentieth century. Spinal surgery, for example, advanced from decompression to spinal reconstruction and internal stabilization as a result of the introduction of computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, and basic neuroscience research became established in many African countries (Loots et al, 1975 ; Shanley et al, 1975 ; Bengelloun et al, 1976 ; Wangai et al, 1978 ; Hattingh et al, 1979 ; Kimani and Mungai, 1983 ; Anderson et al, 1985 ; Nurse et al, 1985 ; Lakhdar-Ghazal et al, 1986 ; Bennis and Versaux-Botteri, 1995 ; McDonnell, 2004 ).…”

Section: Progress In the Twentieth And Twenty-first Centurymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clinical research in Morocco included stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, addiction and fMRI studies of brain plasticity, to mention a few (El Kadmiri et al, 2014 ; Souirti et al, 2014 ; Mohamed and Kissani, 2015 ; Chtaou et al, 2016 ; Zarrouq et al, 2016 ; Boujraf et al, 2017 ). Basic neuroscience research was introduced to Morocco in the 1970s with the study of behavioral consequences of brain lesions and nutritional deficiency in rats (Bengelloun et al, 1976 ). In the 1980s and more recently, the focus of researchers across the country expanded to include not only brain lesions and malnutrition but also stress, drugs of abuse, neurotoxins, sensory systems and biological rhythms in laboratory animals and local fauna (Lakhdar-Ghazal et al, 1986 ; Bennis and Versaux-Botteri, 1995 ; Sansar et al, 2012 ; Said et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: North Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

Notes on the Recent History of Neuroscience in Africa

Russell

2017

Front. Neuroanat.

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Neuroscience began with neuroanatomy and neurosurgery in Egypt more than 5000 years ago. Knowledge grew over time and specialized neurosurgery centers were established in north Africa in the eleventh century. However, it was not until the twentieth century that neuroscience research became established in sub-Saharan Africa. In most African countries, clinical research focused on understanding the rationale and improving treatment of epilepsy, infections, nutritional neuropathies, stroke and tumors. Significant advances were made. In the twenty-first century, African knowledge expanded to include all branches of neuroscience, contributing to genetic, biochemical and inflammatory determinants of brain disorders. A major focus of basic neuroscience research has been, and is, investigation of plant extracts, drugs and stress in animal models, providing insight and identifying potential novel therapies. A significant event in the history of African neuroscience was the founding of the Society of Neuroscientists of Africa (SONA) in 1993. The International Brain Research Organization (IBRO) supported SONA conferences, as well as workshops and neuroscience training schools in Africa. Thanks to their investment, as well as that of funding agencies, such as the National Institutes of Health (NIH), International Society for Neurochemistry (ISN), World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS), World Federation of Neurology (WFN) and the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE), neuroscience research is well-established in Africa today. However, in order to continue to develop, African neuroscience needs continued international support and African neuroscientists need to engage in policy and decision-making to persuade governments to fund studies that address the unique regional needs in Africa.

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Nutritional experience and spacing of shock opportunities alter the effects of septal lesions on passive avoidance acquisition by male rats

Cited by 20 publications

References 23 publications

The presence of home-cage stimuli attenuates spontaneous-alternation deficits in rats with septal lesions

The presence of home-cage stimuli attenuates spontaneous-alternation deficits in rats with septal lesions

Neuroscience education in Africa, prospects and challenges

Notes on the Recent History of Neuroscience in Africa

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