Nutritional implications of the cephalic-phase reflexes: endocrine responses

Teff, Karen L.

doi:10.1006/appe.1999.0282

Cited by 149 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…In response to masticating and tasting food, the pancreas rapidly begins to secrete insulin. This initial pulse of insulin secretion is followed by a larger, more sustained insulin secretion in response to the absorption of digested nutrients (Figure 2; Teff, 2000). The cephalic phase insulin response thus anticipates and mimics, at an attenuated level, the postabsorptive insulin response to changes in blood glucose concentration (Teff, 2000).…”

Section: Cephalic Phase Insulin Responsementioning

confidence: 94%

“…This initial pulse of insulin secretion is followed by a larger, more sustained insulin secretion in response to the absorption of digested nutrients (Figure 2; Teff, 2000). The cephalic phase insulin response thus anticipates and mimics, at an attenuated level, the postabsorptive insulin response to changes in blood glucose concentration (Teff, 2000). Direct vagal stimulation also influences an insulin response (Powley, 1977;Powley and Berthoud,1985).…”

Section: Cephalic Phase Insulin Responsementioning

confidence: 98%

“…In humans and rats there is a robust cephalic phase insulin response (reviewed in Powley, 1977;Powley and Berthoud, 1985;Teff, 2000). In response to masticating and tasting food, the pancreas rapidly begins to secrete insulin.…”

Section: Cephalic Phase Insulin Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore the regulation of food intake on the time scale of the meal can be decoupled from the regulation of energy balance; and this has significant implications for understanding the pathogenesis of obesity. Cephalic phase insulin and pancreatic polypeptide response in humans in response to sham feeding (data from Teff, 2000). Plasma insulin concentration following ingestion of a mixed nutrient sandwich (data from Teff, 2000).…”

Section: Evolutionary Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cephalic phase insulin and pancreatic polypeptide response in humans in response to sham feeding (data from Teff, 2000). Plasma insulin concentration following ingestion of a mixed nutrient sandwich (data from Teff, 2000). The cephalic phase insulin response to a meal was partially blocked by the infusion of trimethaphan (filled circles) relative to saline infusion (open circles).…”

Section: Evolutionary Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anticipatory physiological regulation in feeding biology: Cephalic phase responses

2008

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Anticipatory physiological regulation is an adaptive strategy that enables animals to respond faster to physiologic and metabolic challenges. The cephalic phase responses are anticipatory responses that prepare animals to digest, absorb and metabolize nutrients. They enable the sensory aspects of the food to interact with the metabolic state of the animal to influence feeding behavior. The anticipatory digestive secretions and metabolic adjustments in response to food cues are key adaptations that affect digestive and metabolic efficiency and aid in controlling the resulting elevation of metabolic fuels in the blood. Cephalic phase responses enable digestion, metabolism and appetite to be regulated in a coordinated fashion. These responses have significant effects on meal size. For example, if the cephalic phase insulin response is blocked the result is poor glucose control and smaller meals. Cephalic phase responses also are linked to motivation to feed, and may play a more direct role in regulating meal size beyond the permissive one of ameliorating negative consequences of feeding. For example, the orexigenic peptide ghrelin appears to display a cephalic phase response, rising before expected meal times. This anticipatory ghrelin response increases appetite; interestingly it also enhances fat absorption, linking appetite with digestion and metabolism.

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Section: Cephalic Phase Insulin Responsementioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Cephalic Phase Insulin Responsementioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Cephalic Phase Insulin Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evolutionary Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evolutionary Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anticipatory physiological regulation in feeding biology: Cephalic phase responses

2008

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Effects on Growth of Smell and Taste of Milk During Tube Feeding of Preterm Infants

et al. 2021

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IMPORTANCE Smell and taste of food increase food anticipation, activate gut motility, and stimulate digestion and metabolism. Despite poor growth of many preterm infants in neonatal intensive care units, the smell and taste of milk with tube feeding are not generally considered a regular component of care.OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of smell and taste of milk with tube feeding on weight z scores at discharge from the hospital. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSA randomized, controlled, nonblinded, superiority trial was conducted at 2 perinatal centers between May 9, 2017, and February 1, 2020. Eligible infants (n = 659) were born at less than 29 weeks' postmenstrual age (PMA) and/or with a birth weight of less than 1250 g. INTERVENTIONSInfants were randomly assigned to receive either the smell and taste of milk with each tube feeding or routine care without the provision of smell and taste of milk. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESThe primary outcome was weight z score at discharge from any hospital. Secondary outcomes included anthropometric measures at predefined time points, time to full enteral feeds, and other health outcomes associated with prematurity. RESULTSOf the 658 infants, a total of 396 infants were randomized; some parents had not been approached for consent (n = 144) or declined participation (n = 117), and 1 infant with consent was not randomized. Of the 396 infants, 196 were assigned to the treatment group (51% male; mean [SD] PMA at birth, 27.5 [2.2] weeks) and 200 were assigned to the control group (52% male; mean [SD] PMA at birth, 27.6 (2.3) weeks). Mean weight z scores at discharge were −0.87 (95% CI, −1.02 to −0.72) for the treatment group and −0.97 (95% CI, −1.11 to −0.83) for the control group (P = .40). The mean difference in z scores between the treatment and control groups at 36 weeks' PMA was 0.21 (95% CI, 0.01 to 0.4; P = .04) for head circumference and 0.26 (95% CI, 0.05 to 0.51; P = .04) for length. There were no clinically notable differences between the study groups for any other anthropometric, feeding, or health outcomes. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEIn this randomized clinical trial, regular smell and taste of milk included with tube feeding did not improve weight at discharge in preterm infants. Secondary outcomes suggest exposure to smell and taste may improve head circumference and length at 36 weeks' PMA, but not at discharge. Regular exposure to the smell and taste of milk is a simple and inexpensive intervention with potential benefits and no apparent adverse effects.

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