Nutritional improvement of oil palm and sugarcane plantation waste by solid-state fermentation of Marasmiellus palmivorus

Abstract

The agricultural sector of Indonesia comprises large oil palm and sugarcane plantations. Nearly 50% of the material resulted in organic waste with high lignin and cellulose content during palm oil and sugarcane production. The lignocellulolytic activity of white-rot fungi has been reported to improve the digestibility and nutrient content of plantation waste into feedstock. This study treated lignocellulose waste, including palm kernel meal, oil palm empty fruit bunch, oil palm frond, sugarcane tops, and sugarcane pressmud with white-rot fungi solid-state fermentation system in a petri dish with two replicates. The growth of the fungus in each waste was observed. The Nutrient content, including water, ash, lipid, protein, crude fiber; and the digestibility, including crude and organic fiber digestion of fermented and unfermented waste, were measured. The molecular identification of white-rot fungi in this study was revealed to be Marasmiellus palmivorus. The result indicated that fermentation of M. palmivorus increased the protein level of sugarcane pressmud, palm kernel meal, oil palm frond, and empty fruit bunch. Fermentation also improved digestibility up to 12%. It is concluded that M. palmivorus has a high potential to enhance the digestibility and nutritive value of lignocellulose waste in oil palm and sugarcane plantations.

Pemanfaatan Biomassa Lignoselulosa Perkebunan Sawit Dan Pretreatment TKS Sebagai Bahan Baku Pakan Ternak Potensial

“…Kadar neutral detergent fiber (NDF) dan lignin yang tinggi serta protein yang rendah (3%) menyebabkan TKS memiliki nilai palatabilitas dan kecernaan yang rendah. Kandungan holoselulosa (selulosa dan hemiselulosa) yang tinggi secara teoritis dapat diuraikan menjadi gula sederhana sebagai sumber energi bagi hewan ternak (Fitriyah et al, 2022). Lignin yang tinggi menyebabkan TKS sukar didegradasi baik secara alami maupun enzimatis.…”

“…Kandungan lignin dari produk samping pertanian dan perkebunan dapat didegradasi menggunakan jamur pelapuk putih (JPP). Menurut Fitriyah et al (2022), fermentasi berbagai jenis produk samping perkebunan seperti TKS, bungkil sawit, pelepah sawit TM (tanaman menghasilkan), dan solid POME menggunakan JPP terbukti mampu meningkatkan nutrisi sebagai bahan pakan, mulai dari peningkatan kadar protein, tingkat kecernaan bahan kering, bahan organik, NH3, dan FVA (folatile faty acid) serta penurunan kadar lemak, abu, dan serat kasar. Namun demikian, TKS masih mengandung serat dan lignin yang cukup tinggi sehingga masih diperlukan pretreatment khusus sebelum fermentasi.…”