Nutritional Quality of Edible Marine Bivalves from the Southern Coast of Italy, Mediterranean Sea

Abstract

for the synthesis of resolvins, which are believed to play a key role in terminating inflammatory processes [Kohli & Levy, 2009]; moreover, they have benefi cial effects on other diseases, namely skin disease, asthma, arthritis, nephritis, lupus erythematous, multiple sclerosis, and certain types of cancers [Harris, 2010; Massaro et al., 2010]. PUFAs are infl uenced by taxonomic relations and environmental conditions and depend on species, nutrient habits, food availability and physiological conditions, so they differ for molluscs species that come from different geographical areas [Orban et al., 2007]. Minerals such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, iron, zinc and copper, are essential substances for organisms and for their vital functions and growth. In fact, minerals are important components of hormones and enzymes activated in human nutrition [Khan, 1992], and are involved in physiological processes in the body, the most important of which are pH maintenance, osmotic pressure, nerve conductance, muscle contraction and energy production. Zinc, for example, has different important biochemical functions, in particular as cofactor to more than 300 enzymes involved in DNA and RNA metabolism and stabilization of cell membranes [Beyersmann, 2002; Rink & Gabriel, 2000]. Unsuited dietary intakes of the minerals Ca, Mg, Na and K, either insuffi cient or excessive, can cause serious health issues such as cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and hypertension. In general, the seafoods are excellent sources of Ca, K, Na, Fe, Zn, Cu and in particular, oysters are good sources of Fe, Zn, and Cu.

Effect of Different Cooking Methods on Lipid Content and Fatty Acid Profiles of Mytilus galloprovincialis

“…The raw mussel M. galloprovincialis is a good source of n-3 PUFA with low content of n-6 PUFA, as reported in previous studies [5,9,23,24]. The data of this study showed that the level of n-3 PUFA was always higher than the level of n-6 for all types of cooking, except for fried sample (Tables 1-3).…”

Enhancing lipid nutritional quality of oysters by hybridization betweenCrassostrea gigasandC. angulata

“…It is worth noting that although there are many reports showing that bivalves are rich in n‐3 PUFA, especially EPA and DHA (Manthey‐Karl et al, ; Passi et al, ; Ricardo et al, ), but there was no report on the FA composition can be improved by hybridization. Compared with other studies (Table ), all progenies in the present study had much higher total lipid content (9.1%–9.5% wet weight) than wild and farmed oysters (1.2%–6.7% wet weight) collected from Mediterranean sea (Biandolino et al, ), Beihai, China (Qin et al, ), Rushan Bay, China (Zhu et al, ), Kerala, India (Asha, Anandan, Mathew, & Lakshmanan, ), Malaysia (Aziz, Azlan, Ismail, Alinafiah, & Razman, ), Canada (Pernet, Gauthier‐Clec, & Mayrand, ), Jiaozhou Bay, China (Xu & Yang, ), and Bizerte lagoon, north of Tunisia (Dridi, Salah Romdhane, & Elcafsi, ). The EPA compositions (12.7%–14.9%) of all progenies were comparable to other oyster (EPA = 7.5%–13.3%) (Aziz et al, ; Biandolino et al, ; Dridi et al, ; Pernet et al, ; Qin et al, ; Xu & Yang, ; Zhu et al, ), except for farmed C. madrasensis in Kerala, India (Asha et al, ).…”

“…Compared with other studies (Table ), all progenies in the present study had much higher total lipid content (9.1%–9.5% wet weight) than wild and farmed oysters (1.2%–6.7% wet weight) collected from Mediterranean sea (Biandolino et al, ), Beihai, China (Qin et al, ), Rushan Bay, China (Zhu et al, ), Kerala, India (Asha, Anandan, Mathew, & Lakshmanan, ), Malaysia (Aziz, Azlan, Ismail, Alinafiah, & Razman, ), Canada (Pernet, Gauthier‐Clec, & Mayrand, ), Jiaozhou Bay, China (Xu & Yang, ), and Bizerte lagoon, north of Tunisia (Dridi, Salah Romdhane, & Elcafsi, ). The EPA compositions (12.7%–14.9%) of all progenies were comparable to other oyster (EPA = 7.5%–13.3%) (Aziz et al, ; Biandolino et al, ; Dridi et al, ; Pernet et al, ; Qin et al, ; Xu & Yang, ; Zhu et al, ), except for farmed C. madrasensis in Kerala, India (Asha et al, ). For the DHA composition, the DHA composition of all progenies in present study was higher (7.0%–11.2%) than that of Wild M. galloprovincialis (5.3 ± 0.2%) and Wild C. gigas (6.4 ± 0.4%) in Jiaozhou Bay, China (Xu & Yang, ), but was comparable or lower than oysters in other reports (Asha et al, ; Biandolino et al, ; Dridi et al, ; Pernet et al, ; Qin et al, ; Zhu et al, ).…”

“…The EPA compositions (12.7%–14.9%) of all progenies were comparable to other oyster (EPA = 7.5%–13.3%) (Aziz et al, ; Biandolino et al, ; Dridi et al, ; Pernet et al, ; Qin et al, ; Xu & Yang, ; Zhu et al, ), except for farmed C. madrasensis in Kerala, India (Asha et al, ). For the DHA composition, the DHA composition of all progenies in present study was higher (7.0%–11.2%) than that of Wild M. galloprovincialis (5.3 ± 0.2%) and Wild C. gigas (6.4 ± 0.4%) in Jiaozhou Bay, China (Xu & Yang, ), but was comparable or lower than oysters in other reports (Asha et al, ; Biandolino et al, ; Dridi et al, ; Pernet et al, ; Qin et al, ; Zhu et al, ).…”

Nutritional Composition of <i>Callista erycina</i>, an Important Edible Economical Clam from the South China Sea

“…Same as Asian hard clam M. lusoria [18], Palmitoleic acid (C16:1n7, 8.16±0.11 %) and Cis-9-octadecenoic acid (C18:1n9c, 7.45±0.06 %) were also the major MUFAs in clams C. erycina. But in the bivalves Arca noae and F. glaber [40], Cis-9-hexadecenoic acid (C16:1) and C18:1n9c are the major MUFAs. Among PUFAs, Cis-4,7,10,13,16, 19-docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6n3, DHA, 13.55±0.55 %), Cis-5, 8, 11, 14, 17-eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5n3, EPA, 7.58±0.19 %) and Cis-5, 8, 11, 14-eicosatetraenoic acid (C20:4n6, 6.25±0.23 %) were dominant in clams C. erycina, which was similar to the results found in Crassostrea gigas, but different from the results in Limaria tuberculate and Mimachlamys varia [40].…”