Nutritional risk and nutritional status in hospitalized older adults living with HIV in Shenzhen, China: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background Nutrition is a crucial factor that can impact morbidity and mortality in older people living with HIV (PLWH). Studies on nutritional risk and nutritional status in all age groups in PLWH have been conducted. However, few studies have focused on nutritional risk in older PLWH. This study aimed to describe the nutritional risk and nutritional status in older PLWH, and explore factors associated with nutritional risk and undernutrition status. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study. We recruited participants aged 50 years or older from the Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen from January 2016 to May 2019. Nutritional risk and nutritional status were evaluated by the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002) tool, body mass index (BMI), albumin level, and prealbumin level on the first day of admission. Logistic regression models were used to identify the factors associated with undernutrition based on the BMI, albumin, and prealbumin criteria. Results A total of 196 older PLWH were included in the analysis. We found that 36% of hospitalized older PLWH had nutritional risk, and 12–56% of them had undernutrition based on the BMI, albumin, and prealbumin criteria. An increased nutritional risk score was associated with older age (β = 0.265 CI [0.021, 0.096], P = 0.002), a higher viral load (β = − 0.186 CI [− 0.620, − 0.037], P = 0.028), a lower BMI (β = − 0.287 CI [− 0.217, − 0.058], P = 0.001), and a lower albumin level (β = − 0.324 CI [− 8.896, − 1.230], P = 0.010). The CD4 count was associated with the prevalence of undernutrition based on the albumin criterion (OR = 15.637 CI [2.742, 89.178], P = 0.002). Conclusion Our study indicated that nutritional screening, assessment, and management should be routinely performed in hospitalized older PLWH. HIV-specific measures should be used to assess nutritional risk, and albumin, BMI, and other assessments should be used in combination to identify undernutrition in older PLWH.

The characteristics and alteration of peripheral immune function in patients with multiple system atrophy

“…In MSA patients, it was possible that the decrease in CD19+ B lymphocytes was due to a reduction in Bregs. In addition, the count of lymphocytes reflected the nutritional status predicting the prognosis of many diseases ( 24 , 25 ), while the nutritional indicators did not have a significant difference between the two groups. Moreover, the autonomic nervous system was reported to influence the distribution of lymphocytes previously, while most patients with MSA exhibited autonomic dysfunction ( 26 ).…”

Nutritional status of hospitalized elderly patients in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study of an important yet neglected problem in clinical practice

“…This finding is consistent with other similar studies ( 15 , 48 ). On the other hand, previously existing studies described female sex, low education level ( 41 ), older age ( 42 , 43 ), unmarried ( 43 , 44 ), polypharmacy, dysphagia, neuropsychological problem ( 45 ), alcohol abuse, and tobacco use as independent risk factors of malnutrition. The relatively longer life expectancies than men and the higher likelihood to encounter adverse economic and social circumstances in old age are assumed to increase the risk of malnutrition in women.…”

“…In previously available studies involving older patients, female sex, a low education level (41), older age (42,43), unmarried (43,44), polypharmacy, dysphagia, depression, low functional capacity, eatingrelated problems, lowered cognitive function (45), diabetes (26), alcohol abuse, and socio-economic status were described as independent risk factors of malnutrition (46)(47)(48).…”

An Analysis of Biopsychosocial Factors Associated With Chronic Pain Severity Among Hospitalized People Living With HIV in Shenzhen, China: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…An overall score of ≥5 indicates high nutritional risk. The C-NRS-2002 has been proven to be a highly reliable and valid method for assessing nutritional risk in PWH (Liu et al, 2021). In our study, we report a C-NRS-2002 Cronbach α coefficient of 0.91.…”