Nutritional Status of Coronary Artery Disease Patients—Preliminary Results

Abstract

Introduction: Malnutrition is a condition that negatively impacts the clinical outcomes of numerous diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the nutritional status of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients and to investigate its relationship with the main clinical aspects of CAD. Material and methods: 50 CAD patients undergoing coronary angiography were enrolled in this study. The nutritional status assessment was based on Nutritional Risk Score 2002 (NRS 2002), body mass index (BMI), and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) measurements. Results: The analysis showed a moderate inverse correlation between NRS 2002 and BIA phase angle measured at 50 kHz (R: −0.31; p = 0.03) and Z200/5 parameter (R: 0.34; p = 0.02). The analysis of CAD clinical parameters showed a significant correlation between NRS 2002 and Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) class (R: 0.37; p = 0.01). Left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) was correlated with BMI (R: 0.38; p = 0.02), however further BIA revealed hydration changes as LVEF was correlated to intracellular (ICF) and extracellular fluid (ECF) proportion: positively with ICF (R: 0.38; p = 0.02) and negatively with ECF (R: −0.39; p = 0.02). Conclusions: NRS 2002 and BIA are valuable tools for nutritional status assessment in CAD patients. Malnutrition is related to the severity of CAD symptoms, particularly in women. Maintaining proper nutritional status can have a potentially important role in this group of patients.

Assessment of qualitative body composition, including phase angle, in the context of primary prevention and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases (cardiac rehabilitation)

“…Another study that focused on assessing the degree of nutrition and body quality composition in cardiac patients was that by Popiolek-Kalisz et al [37]. As part of the study, the researchers examined patients with chronic coronary syndrome and performed coronary angiography, as well as BIA and echocardiography on them.…”

Nutritional Status Predicts the Length of Stay and Mortality in Patients Undergoing Electrotherapy Procedures

“…Moreover, nutritional status was also associated with mortality in patients with acute heart failure and coronary artery disease [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. Furthermore, nutritional status is also associated with a better prognosis in chronic heart failure [ 20 ] and symptom severity in coronary heart disease [ 21 ]. Nutritional status is a factor that also impacts mortality in hospitalized elderly patients [ 22 ].…”

Evaluation of Change in Body Composition, including Phase Angle, in Post-Myocardial Infarction Patients Rehabilitated under the KOS-Zawał (MC-AMI) Programme

“…The above theses are based on studies conducted on various groups of subjects (including active young adults [21], physically active elderly people [22,23], professional soldiers [24], or people with cardiovascular disease [3,[25][26][27]) using bioelectrical impedance. There have been articles in the literature showing that bioelectrical impedance parameters, including the phase angle, can be a good marker of sarcopenia, malnutrition, and cachexia in people with cardiovascular disease, all of which are factors for poorer prognosis [28,29].…”