Nutritional status of mentally retarded children in north‐west Spain. I. Anthropometric indicators

Sánchez-Lastres, Juan Manuel; Eirís-Puñal, J; Otero-Cepeda, JL; Pavón-Belinchón, P; Castro-Gago, Manuel

doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.2003.tb00612.x

Cited by 34 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This situation is similar to that reported in Chile and Brazil where the prevalence of LW/UN in children with CP is 23.6% and 72% respectively [8,9]. When compared with reports from other non-American countries and the U.S.A., our study shows one of the highest frequencies of undernutrition in children with CP worldwide [5,6,8,9,13,14]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Weight-based nutritional diagnosis of Mexican children and adolescents with neuromotor disabilities

Vega-Sánchez

Gomez-Aguilar²,

Haua

et al. 2012

BMC Res Notes

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BackgroundNutrition related problems are increasing worldwide but they have scarcely been evaluated in people with neuromotor disabilities, particularly in developing countries. In this study our aim was to describe the weight-based nutritional diagnoses of children and adolescents with neuromotor disabilities who attended a private rehabilitation center in Mexico City.MethodsData from the first visit’s clinical records of 410 patients who attended the Nutrition department at the Teleton Center for Children Rehabilitation, between 1999 and 2008, were analyzed. Sex, age, weight and height, length or segmental length data were collected and used to obtain the nutritional diagnosis based on international growth charts, as well as disability-specific charts. Weight for height was considered the main indicator.ResultsCerebral palsy was the most frequent diagnosis, followed by spina bifida, muscular dystrophy, and Down’s syndrome. Children with cerebral palsy showed a higher risk of presenting low weight/undernutrition (LW/UN) than children with other disabilities, which was three times higher in females. In contrast, children with spina bifida, particularly males, were more likely to be overweight/obese (OW/OB), especially after the age of 6 and even more after 11. Patients with muscular dystrophy showed a significantly lower risk of LW/UN than patients with other disabilities. In patients with Down’s syndrome neither LW/UN nor OW/OB were different between age and sex.ConclusionsThis is the first study that provides evidence of the nutritional situation of children and adolescents with neuromotor disabilities in Mexico, based on their weight status. Low weight and obesity affect a large number of these patients due to their disability, age and sex. Early nutritional diagnosis must be considered an essential component in the treatment of these patients to prevent obesity and malnutrition, and improve their quality of life.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Weight-based nutritional diagnosis of Mexican children and adolescents with neuromotor disabilities

Vega-Sánchez

Gomez-Aguilar²,

Haua

et al. 2012

BMC Res Notes

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“…It has been estimated that approximately one-third are undernourished and many exhibit the consequences of malnutrition 7 . Yet, the prevalence and severity of malnutrition increases in parallel with the duration and severity of neurological impairment 95,96,97 . The predominant nutritional deficit is in energy intake, given that only 20% of these children are regularly ingesting 100% of their estimated average requirement.…”

Section: Feeding and Nutritional Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal and nutritional problems in neurologically impaired children

Quitadamo

Thapar

Staiano

et al. 2016

European Journal of Paediatric Neurology

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Fax: + 44 20 7813 8382Gut Motility disorders comprise a heterogeneous group of disorders that result from disruption of the functional integrity of the intrinsic neuromusculature of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. This intrinsic neuromusculature includes the smooth muscle layers, the intrinsic nervous system of the GI tract (enteric nervous system or ENS) and the interstitial cells of Cajal. The contribution of each of these components to function can be compromised by alterations in structure (ranging from absence to derangement in numbers and/or anatomy) or of function (complete or partial failure in physiological function). This pathology can be primary or secondary to a number of insults e.g. infections, inflammation, toxins etc. In children disorders may be congenital being present from birth or acquired later in life. Finally involvement of the enteric neuromusculature can be patchy/segmental or affect the gastrointestinal tract diffusely.Neuro-gastroenterology is the study of the interface of all aspects of the gastrointestinal tract or digestive system with the different branches of the body's nervous system including the enteric, central and autonomic nervous systems. The combined terms 'Neurogastroenterology and motility' are designed to encompass the study of all the components of the enteric neuromuscualture and their modulating influences and represents one of the fastest growing areas in gastroenterology clinical practice and research. This chapter aims to address some of the most common neurogastroenterology and motility conditions seen in clinical practice ranging from those with defined pathology to those which fall under the umbrella of functional gastrointestinal disorders. The latter comprise some of the commonest but challenging disorders and the term 'functional' reflects the fact that in the majority of such conditions no organic cause can be found. It should also be noted that at the present time many functional disorders e.g. abdominal pain-related functional GI disorders, represent symptom complexes that can further be subdivided into more discrete entities e.g. irritable bowel syndrome, functional abdominal pain etc depending on the nature, location and associations of the symptoms. Clinicians will often rely on the presence or absence of 'red flags' e.g. associated weight loss, severe or significant symptoms etc to decide whether patients are likely to have organic or functional disorders. Exhaustive investigations in the latter are likely to prove fruitless, expensive and perpetuate 'illness behaviours' in the patients. Abdominal pain-related functional gastrointestinal disorders IntroductionAbdominal pain-related functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) constitute a spectrum of conditions characterised by the presence of recurrent abdominal pain in the absence of any defined pathology 1 . In the past these disorders fell under the single term 'Recurrent abdominal pain' (RAP) but have since been recategorised under an international initiative (Rome Foundation) to improve the dia...

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“…28 Another study reported nutritional deficits in a subject population with mental retardation. 29 Whether these differences result from environmental causes, poor appetite, or an interaction of physiologic factors is not understood. However, children with severe impairments often have physical limitations as well as oral motor problems that affect feeding.…”

Section: Predictors Of Bmimentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity is a common comorbidity for pediatric patients with untreated, newly diagnosed epilepsy

Daniels

Nick²,

Liu³

et al. 2009

Neurology

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Objective: This study aimed to determine the frequency and factors associated with obesity in a cohort of children and adolescents with newly diagnosed untreated epilepsy.Methods: Body mass index (BMI) Z-scores and percentiles, both adjusted for age, were used as measures for obesity. Potential covariates associated with these BMI measures included age, etiology (cryptogenic, idiopathic, symptomatic), seizure type (generalized, partial, unclear), concomitant medications (stimulants, nonstimulants, none), and insurance status (privately insured, Medicaid). The primary analysis compared the epilepsy patients' BMI Z-scores to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention data for healthy children. The secondary analysis compared the epilepsy patients' BMI Z-scores to those of a regional healthy control group. Additional analyses incorporated the secondary outcome measure BMI percentiles indexed for age. Results:Children with newly diagnosed untreated epilepsy had higher BMI Z-scores compared to standard CDC growth charts (p Ͻ 0.0001) and the healthy control cohort (p ϭ 0.0002) specifically at both of the 2 tail ends of the distribution. Overall, 38.6% of the epilepsy cohort were overweight or obese (BMI Ն85th percentile for age). Differences in age, etiology, and concomitant nonepilepsy medications were significantly associated with variability in age-adjusted BMI Z-score. Patients in adolescence had higher adjusted BMI Z-scores than younger patients. Patients with symptomatic epilepsy had lower adjusted BMI Z-scores than patients with idiopathic epilepsy. Patients on stimulant psychotropics exhibited lower adjusted BMI Z-scores than patients on no medication. Conclusion:Obesity is a common comorbidity in children with newly diagnosed untreated epilepsy and correlates with increasing age, idiopathic etiology, and absence of concomitant medication. In 2007, the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke published updated epilepsy benchmarks aimed at guiding research directions toward, among multiple goals, improving safe and effective therapy for people with epilepsy. A new area of research was identified that focused on comorbidities. Several comorbidities in epilepsy have been previously addressed in some depth. However, obesity is a potential comorbidity which has been poorly examined. Obesity in childhood (Ն95th percentile of body mass index [BMI] for age) is increasingly identified as one of the premier public health concerns facing the pediatric population.2 National surveys show that 17.1% of children are obese with an increasing trend toward obesity for all children and adolescents.

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Nutritional status of mentally retarded children in north‐west Spain. I. Anthropometric indicators

Cited by 34 publications

References 18 publications

Weight-based nutritional diagnosis of Mexican children and adolescents with neuromotor disabilities

Weight-based nutritional diagnosis of Mexican children and adolescents with neuromotor disabilities

Gastrointestinal and nutritional problems in neurologically impaired children

Obesity is a common comorbidity for pediatric patients with untreated, newly diagnosed epilepsy

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