Nutritional status of patients with COVID-19

Im, Jae Hyoung; Je, Young Soo; Baek, Ji-Hyeon; Chung, Moon Hyun; Kwon, Hea Yoon; Lee, Jin Soo

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.08.018

Cited by 231 publications

(250 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In Table 1B , we report findings from 21 studies in which 25(OH)D levels were measured in individuals hospitalized for COVID-19 or after confirmed positive test for SARS-CoV-2 (via PCR) ( Table 1B ). Eleven of these studies reported significantly lower 25(OH)D levels for those with COVID-19 or who were positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to control groups ( 204 , 205 , 207 – 209 , 211 , 212 , 214 , 218 , 219 , 223 ). Many of these studies were limited by their small sample size, a lack of clarity on what assay was used to measure 25(OH)D, and that 25(OH)D levels were not measured before infection was diagnosed.…”

Section: Vitamin D and Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Potential for Ultraviolet Light to Modulate Morbidity and Mortality From COVID-19: A Narrative Review and Update

Gorman

Weller

2020

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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During the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease of 2019) pandemic, researchers have been seeking low-cost and accessible means of providing protection from its harms, particularly for at-risk individuals such as those with cardiovascular disease, diabetes and obesity. One possible way is via safe sun exposure, and/or dietary supplementation with induced beneficial mediators (e.g., vitamin D). In this narrative review, we provide rationale and updated evidence on the potential benefits and harms of sun exposure and ultraviolet (UV) light that may impact COVID-19. We review recent studies that provide new evidence for any benefits (or otherwise) of UV light, sun exposure, and the induced mediators, vitamin D and nitric oxide, and their potential to modulate morbidity and mortality induced by infection with SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory disease coronavirus-2). We identified substantial interest in this research area, with many commentaries and reviews already published; however, most of these have focused on vitamin D, with less consideration of UV light (or sun exposure) or other mediators such as nitric oxide. Data collected to-date suggest that ambient levels of both UVA and UVB may be beneficial for reducing severity or mortality due to COVID-19, with some inconsistent findings. Currently unresolved are the nature of the associations between blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D and COVID-19 measures, with more prospective data needed that better consider lifestyle factors, such as physical activity and personal sun exposure levels. Another short-coming has been a lack of measurement of sun exposure, and its potential to influence COVID-19 outcomes. We also discuss possible mechanisms by which sun exposure, UV light and induced mediators could affect COVID-19 morbidity and mortality, by focusing on likely effects on viral pathogenesis, immunity and inflammation, and potential cardiometabolic protective mechanisms. Finally, we explore potential issues including the impacts of exposure to high dose UV radiation on COVID-19 and vaccination, and effective and safe doses for vitamin D supplementation.

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Section: Vitamin D and Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Potential for Ultraviolet Light to Modulate Morbidity and Mortality From COVID-19: A Narrative Review and Update

Gorman

Weller

2020

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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“…The relation of selenium with the immune system is further corroborated in hospitalized patients with COVID-19, in which selenium levels were found sub-optimal [64]. Moreover, good selenium status, as assessed by the selenium hair content, has been connected to a higher recovery rate from COVID-19 [91].…”

Section: Seleniummentioning

confidence: 70%

“…An inverse association between mean levels of vitamin D and the number of COVID-19 cases/1 M was recently reported in a cross-sectional European study whereas a UK study did not find an association between the vitamin's status and COVID-19 risk [62]. Moreover, low levels of vitamin D were found in COVID-19 positive patients [63] or hospitalized patients with COVID-19 [64] and have been connected to the severity of the disease [65][66][67].The hypothesis that vitamin D may explain susceptibility to COVID-19 infection in dark colored skin individuals do not seem to be valid [62]. It is noteworthy that several clinical trials are on the way regarding the role of vitamin D in prevention and treatment of COVID-19, reviewed elsewhere [48].…”

Section: Vitamin Dmentioning

confidence: 86%

Micronutrients, Non-Nutrients and Mediterranean Diet: A Potential Protective Role Against COVID-19 through Modulation of PAF Actions and Metabolism

Detopoulou¹,

Demopoulos²,

Antonopoulou³

2020

Preprint

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The new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is an emerging situation with high rates of morbidity and mortality, in the pathophysiology of which inflammation and thrombosis are implicated. The disease is directly connected to the nutritional status of patients and a well-balanced diet is recommended by official sources. Recently, the role of platelet activating factor (PAF) was suggested in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. In the present review several micronutrients (vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin D, selenium, omega-3 fatty acids, minerals), phytonutrients and Mediterranean diet compounds (olive oil, fish, honey, plant foods) with potential anti-COVID activity are presented. We further underline that the well-known anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic actions of the investigated nutrients and/ or holistic dietary schemes, such as the Mediterranean diet, are also mediated through PAF. In conclusion, although there is no single food to prevent coronavirus, the aim is to follow a healthy diet containing PAF inhibitors in order to target both inflammation and thrombosis and try to avoid or/and reduce the deleterious effects of the COVID-19 epidemic.

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“…Food loss and agroindustrial byproducts represent a continuously growing global issue, posing a challenge to food safety and security and negatively impacting the economy and environmental stability. According to FAO, approximately one-third of the The response of human cellular immunity mechanisms to the SARS-CoV-2 viral infection is strongly influenced by host nutrition, mainly by the presence or absence of specific micronutrients and bioactive molecules [14,[35][36][37][38]. An indirect approach is to use different mechanisms that sustain the absorption and bioavailability of bioactive molecules.…”

Section: Bioeconomy Concept Importance In Pandemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Security during the Pandemic and the Importance of the Bioeconomy in the New Era

Fărcaș

Galanakis²,

Socaciu

et al. 2020

Sustainability

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One of the biggest challenges in managing the food sector during a pandemic crisis is sustaining a robust food security system and adopting the right strategies in correlating the consumers’ needs and requirements with those of food safety, the producers, the distribution chain, the economic environment, and waste management. The restrictions on people’s global movement, commodities, and services and the measures taken to reduce the spread of COVID-19 have disrupted food environments around the world and forced us to collectively redesign and optimize our systems using existing resources from a more sustainable perspective. This paper offers an overview of the implications of COVID-19 for the food supply chain and discusses several potential strategies for tackling short- and long-term adverse effects resulting from the pandemic.

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Nutritional status of patients with COVID-19

Cited by 231 publications

References 26 publications

Investigating the Potential for Ultraviolet Light to Modulate Morbidity and Mortality From COVID-19: A Narrative Review and Update

Investigating the Potential for Ultraviolet Light to Modulate Morbidity and Mortality From COVID-19: A Narrative Review and Update

Micronutrients, Non-Nutrients and Mediterranean Diet: A Potential Protective Role Against COVID-19 through Modulation of PAF Actions and Metabolism

Food Security during the Pandemic and the Importance of the Bioeconomy in the New Era

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