Nutritional status of pregnant Punjabi women in relation to education and economic level

Hira, C. K.; Pathak, Veena; Murgai, Veena

doi:10.1080/03670244.1986.9990957

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Bhatia et al 7 reported an average intake of 472 RE woman 21 day 21 compared with the very low value of 156 RE woman 21 day 21 found in this study (RE, retinol equivalents). Likewise, the consumption of iron was much higher in other studies 7,9,10,16 compared with the 10 mg woman 21 day 21 found in this study. Of three studies 9,10,16 that investigated calcium intake, only Hutter 16 found a low calcium intake of 302 mg woman 21 day 21 compared with the intake of 523 mg woman 21 day 21 calcium in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…Likewise, the consumption of iron was much higher in other studies 7,9,10,16 compared with the 10 mg woman 21 day 21 found in this study. Of three studies 9,10,16 that investigated calcium intake, only Hutter 16 found a low calcium intake of 302 mg woman 21 day 21 compared with the intake of 523 mg woman 21 day 21 calcium in the present study. However, the two other studies were conducted in the northern parts of India where milk and milk products are consumed in larger amounts than in Tamil Nadu 26 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

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Food and nutrient intakes among pregnant women in rural Tamil Nadu, South India

Andersen

Thilsted

Nielsen

et al. 2003

Public Health Nutr.

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Objectives: To study pregnant women's diet at food and nutrient levels and how these match recommendations; to describe how factors such as education level, economy and folk dietetics influence the women's food choice; and to give suggestions for the improvement of nutrition education in the existing antenatal care systems. Design and subjects: Thirty pregnant women in the last trimester were interviewed three times using a 24-hour dietary recall with weighing of foods and recipes of dishes. Interviews regarding health, nutrition and socio-economic status, and measurements of weight and height of the women, were conducted. Setting: Rural parts of Salem District, Tamil Nadu, South India. Results and conclusion: The women's diet (without supplements) was insufficient in energy and all nutrients except fat, compared with the Indian recommendations. Aggravating low intakes of micronutrients were found which were reflected in low intakes of foods other than rice. Eating customs and economy appeared to influence the women's food choice negatively in relation to recommendations while factors such as education level, family type, pregnancy number and folk dietetics did not seem to have a negative effect. The amounts of foods recommended, especially green leafy vegetables, must be shown to the women. The nutrition advice given by all levels of health providers must be the same and based on cheap, local, commonly consumed foods.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Food and nutrient intakes among pregnant women in rural Tamil Nadu, South India

Andersen

Thilsted

Nielsen

et al. 2003

Public Health Nutr.

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“…was due to less consumption of pulses and other protein rich foods by pregnant women. Earlier Indian studies by Hira et al ( 1986) on 108 pregnant women (Punjab State, Northern India) reported that protein intake was 70% of RDA. Badole et al (1991) carried out a study on 615 pregnant women in rural area of Maharashtra State, Western India and reported only 37 g protein intake daily.…”

Section: Nutrient Intakesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Status of Rural Pregnant Women of Haryana State, Northern India

2002

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Average daily food intakes of 90 rural pregnant women belonging to arid, semi-arid and wet zones of Haryana State, Northern India have been determined. As a result of questionnaires and interviews, food intake for three consecutive days were collected. Intakes of cereals, pulses, roots and tubers, other vegetables and sugar and jaggery by the respondents were significantly lower than the prescribed Indian Recommended Dietary Intakes (RDI). The consumption of milk and milk products and fats and oils was significantly higher than that of RDI whereas, green leafy vegetables and fruits were the most limited food items. As the diets of rural pregnant women were inadequate with respect to some food groups, which resulted in lower intake of protein, beta-carotene and ascorbic acid. Despite their poor intake their weights and heights were not much below the standards. BMI classification projected that only about one fourth of the respondents were underweight. There is pressing need to educate rural pregnant women regarding their increased nutritional requirements.

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“…Chaudhury (1985) reported that income significantly affected the energy and protein consumption of pregnant and lactating women in Bangladesh. Another study (Hira, Pathak and Murgai, 1986) also indicated that income had a significant effect on the energy and protein consumption of pregnant Punjabi women. The energy consumption of subjects when expressed on Cal/kg/day indicated that it was highest for the medium income group for example 44 Cal/kg compared to 36 Cals/kg and 37 Cals/kg for low and high income groups respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Nutritional intake of lactating Punjabi women

Hira

Murgai

Pathak

1988

Ecology of Food and Nutrition

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The dietary intake of 101 lactating Punjabi women was studied in relation to their economic and educational status using a 24-hour recall method for two days. Heights and weights were measured. Intakes of energy, protein, calcium and iron were calculated and compared to the recommended dietary allowances for Indians. The energy intake of the subjects was low comprising between 60.5-74.8% of the recommendations. Cereals contributed 38-44% of total energy consumed. The protein intake was 72-90% of ICMR allowances and the calcium intake was adequate in medium and high income groups but the intake only met 87% of the allowance in low income group. The iron intake was nearly equal to recommendations and was not affected by economic status. Weight, and body mass index were significantly affected by economic status. The energy, protein and calcium intake of the subjects and per cent energy derived from cereals were significantly affected by economic status. The effect of education on nutrient intake was significant only in the high income group.

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Nutritional status of pregnant Punjabi women in relation to education and economic level

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

Food and nutrient intakes among pregnant women in rural Tamil Nadu, South India

Food and nutrient intakes among pregnant women in rural Tamil Nadu, South India

Nutritional Status of Rural Pregnant Women of Haryana State, Northern India

Nutritional intake of lactating Punjabi women

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