Nutritional supplementation for nonalcohol-related fatty liver disease: a network meta-analysis

Komolafe, Oluyemi; Buzzetti, Elena; Linden, Audrey Helen; Best, Lawrence; Madden, Angela; Roberts, Danielle; Chase, T; Fritche, Dominic; Freeman, Suzanne C.; Cooper, Nicola J.; Sutton, Alex J.; Milne, EJ; Wright, Kathy; Pavlov, Chavdar S; Davidson, Brian R; Tsochatzis, Emmanuel; Gurusamy, Kurinchi Selvan

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd013157.pub2

Cited by 14 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 295 publications

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“…αT, a well-known antioxidant with a key role against lipid peroxidation in NASH pathogenesis [ 118 ], has achieved highest results when combined with ascorbic acid [ 119 , 120 ]. However, the evidence lacks considerable certainty concerning the effects of nutritional supplementation compared to no additional intervention on all clinical outcomes for patients with NAFLD [ 121 ]. For that, we suggest further studies for exploring the benefits of OLE using (1) Verdeal and Madural leaves as affordable sources of PUFA; (2) Verdeal’s elementary leaves for optimal omega-6/omega-3 ratio; (3) Cobrançosa’s elementary leaves as an affordable source of α-T; and (4) Cobrançosa’s leaf sprouts for high TPC and potential to mimic statins or pioglitazone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Updated Organic Composition and Potential Therapeutic Properties of Different Varieties of Olive Leaves from Olea europaea

Melo

Oliveira

Chéu

et al. 2023

Plants

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Olea europaea L. folium merits further exploration of the potential of its substrates for therapeutic supplements. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were conducted on samples of Madural, Verdeal, and Cobrançosa elementary leaves and leaf sprouts (mamões) collected in the region of Valpaços, Portugal. Organic analysis assessed the moisture content, total carbohydrates, ash, protein, and fat contents, total phenolic content (TPC), vitamin E, and fatty acid (FA) profiles. Moisture content was determined through infrared hygrometry and TPC was determined by a spectrophotometric method. Concerning organic analysis, all leaf samples showed similar moisture content, though Cobrançosa’s leaf sprouts and Verdeal’s elementary leaves had slightly lower contents. Meanwhile, these cultivars also showed a higher TPC, α-tocopherol isomer, and fatty acid composition (FAC). FAC in all samples exhibited higher contents of PUFA and SFA than MUFA, with a predominance of linolenic and palmitic acids. Organic analyses of Cobrançosa’s leaf sprouts and Verdeal’s elementary leaf extracts allow for the prediction of adequate physiological properties regarding neuroinflammatory, neurobehavioral, metabolic, cardiovascular, osteo-degenerative, anti-ageing, pulmonary, and immunological defense disorders. These physiological changes observed in our preliminary in silico studies suggest an excellent nutraceutical, which should be borne in mind during severe pandemic situations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Updated Organic Composition and Potential Therapeutic Properties of Different Varieties of Olive Leaves from Olea europaea

Melo

Oliveira

Chéu

et al. 2023

Plants

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“…Early probiotic, prebiotic, symbiotic, and fecal microbiota transfer interventions may prevent NAFLD exacerbation ( 15 , 16 ). Meanwhile, some investigations have reported that the intake of dietary supplements (such as vitamin D, vitamin E, and fatty acid) ( 17 , 18 ) and functional foods (such as garlic powder, Nigella sativa , sumac powder, and olive oil) ( 19 – 23 ) may ameliorate and/or reverse NAFLD, which may be due to their antioxidant properties. For example, organosulfur compounds in garlic powder and flavonoids in green tea extract belong to the category of functional foods, but in terms of properties, they exhibit antioxidant activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional foods and dietary supplements in the management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Wang

Zhang²,

H³

2023

Front. Nutr.

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ObjectiveIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to clarify the overall effects of functional foods and dietary supplements in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients.MethodsRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane library, and Embase from January 1, 2000 to January 31, 2022 were systematically searched to assess the effects of functional foods and dietary supplements in patients with NAFLD. The primary outcomes were liver-related measures, such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and hepatic fibrosis and steatosis, while the secondary outcomes included body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), triacylglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). These indexes were all continuous variables, so the mean difference (MD) was used for calculating the effect size. Random-effects or fixed-effects models were used to estimate the mean difference (MD). The risk of bias in all studies was assessed with guidance provided in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions.ResultsTwenty-nine articles investigating functional foods and dietary supplements [antioxidants (phytonutrients and coenzyme Q10) = 18, probiotics/symbiotic/prebiotic = 6, fatty acids = 3, vitamin D = 1, and whole grain = 1] met the eligibility criteria. Our results showed that antioxidants could significantly reduce WC (MD: −1.28 cm; 95% CI: −1.58, −0.99, P < 0.05), ALT (MD: −7.65 IU/L; 95% CI: −11.14, −4.16, P < 0.001), AST (MD: −4.26 IU/L; 95% CI: −5.76, −2.76, P < 0.001), and LDL-C (MD: −0.24 mg/dL; 95% CI: −0.46, −0.02, P < 0.05) increased in patients with NAFLD but had no effect on BMI, TG, and TC. Probiotic/symbiotic/prebiotic supplementation could decrease BMI (MD: −0.57 kg/m2; 95% CI: −0.72, −0.42, P < 0.05), ALT (MD: −3.96 IU/L; 95% CI: −5.24, −2.69, P < 0.001), and AST (MD: −2.76; 95% CI: −3.97, −1.56, P < 0.0001) levels but did not have beneficial effects on serum lipid levels compared to the control group. Moreover, the efficacy of fatty acids for treating NAFLD was full of discrepancies. Additionally, vitamin D had no significant effect on BMI, liver transaminase, and serum lipids, while whole grain could reduce ALT and AST but did not affect serum lipid levels.ConclusionThe current study suggests that antioxidant and probiotic/symbiotic/prebiotic supplements may be a promising regimen for NAFLD patients. However, the usage of fatty acids, vitamin D, and whole grain in clinical treatment is uncertain. Further exploration of the efficacy ranks of functional foods and dietary supplements is needed to provide a reliable basis for clinical application.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero, identifier: CRD42022351763.

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“…The prevalence of NAFLD has increased rapidly over the past three decades ( 1 , 2 ) and the number of people suffering from NAFLD are expected to be more than 100 million by 2030 ( 3 ). Usually, parallels to the prevalence of obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, NAFLD decreases life expectancy and increases requirements of liver transplantation ( 4 , 5 ). Moreover, NAFLD progresses from steatosis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), to liver fibrosis and even ultimately to hepatocellular carcinoma ( 4 ), while approximately 20–30% of individuals may progress to NASH ( 6 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Usually, parallels to the prevalence of obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, NAFLD decreases life expectancy and increases requirements of liver transplantation ( 4 , 5 ). Moreover, NAFLD progresses from steatosis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), to liver fibrosis and even ultimately to hepatocellular carcinoma ( 4 ), while approximately 20–30% of individuals may progress to NASH ( 6 ). It is estimated that NASH prevalence will increase up to 56% by 2030 in the United States at a greater rate than the other European and Asian countries ( 3 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is estimated that NASH prevalence will increase up to 56% by 2030 in the United States at a greater rate than the other European and Asian countries ( 3 ). Due to the persistent cellular damage and excess fat deposition, patients with NASH are more likely to progress to the irreversible advanced fibrosis ( 4 ). Given the great burden as well as the lack of effective treatment, it is important to prevent and slow down disease progression at the early stage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary fatty acids and risk of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: A national study in the United States

Wang²,

Zhu³

et al. 2022

Front. Nutr.

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BackgroundNon-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the early invertible stage of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, has become a public health challenge due to the great burden and lack of effective treatment. Dietary nutrients are one of the modifiable factors to prevent and slow down disease progression. However, evidence linking dietary fatty acids intake and risk of NASH is lacking.ObjectivesThis study aimed to examine the association between dietary total saturated fatty acids (SFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), their subtypes, the ratio of unsaturated (UFAs) to SFAs, and the risk of NASH among a nationwide population in the United States.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted among 4,161 adults in the national health and nutrition examination survey in 2017–2018 cycle. Moreover, NASH was defined by transient elastography. Dietary fatty acids were assessed using a validated 24-h food recall method. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).ResultsA total of 2,089 (50.2%) participants with NASH were identified. Compared with participants in the bottom tercile of dietary intakes of total PUFAs, those in the highest tercile had lower risk of NASH, with an adjusted OR of 0.67 (95% CI: 0.46–0.97). Similar associations were found between the subtype of PUFA 18:3 and NASH, while the fully adjusted OR in the highest tercile was 0.67 (95% CI: 0.47–0.96). Interactions of dietary PUFAs and body mass index (BMI) could be found influencing NASH risk. Stronger associations of dietary total PUFAs intakes with NASH risk were found in obese participants (OR, 95% CI: 0.41, 0.22–0.75) than in the non-obese participants (OR, 95% CI: 1.00, 0.70–1.43; p-interaction = 0.006). Similar effects on risk of NASH were also observed between BMI and dietary intakes of PUFA 18:3. However, no significant associations were observed between NASH risk and dietary total SFAs, MUFAs, their subtypes as well as the ratio of UFAs to SFAs.ConclusionDietary intakes of total PUFAs, as well as its subtype of PUFA 18:3, were inversely associated with risk of NASH. The further large prospective studies need to be conducted to confirm the findings of this study.

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Nutritional supplementation for nonalcohol-related fatty liver disease: a network meta-analysis

Abstract: Al-Muzafar 2017Al-Muzafar HM, Amin KA. Probiotic mixture improves fatty liver disease by virtue of its action on lipid profiles, leptin, and inflammatory biomarkers.

Cited by 14 publications

References 295 publications

Updated Organic Composition and Potential Therapeutic Properties of Different Varieties of Olive Leaves from Olea europaea

Updated Organic Composition and Potential Therapeutic Properties of Different Varieties of Olive Leaves from Olea europaea

Functional foods and dietary supplements in the management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Dietary fatty acids and risk of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: A national study in the United States

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