Nutritional value of raw and extruded chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) for growing chickens

Abstract

The effects of the inclusion of different concentrations (0, 100, 200 and 300 g kg -1 ) of raw and extruded chickpeas on performance, digestive organ sizes, and protein and fat digestibilities were studied in one experiment with growing broiler chickens (0 to 21 days of age). Data were analyzed as a 3 x 2 factorial arrangement with three levels of chickpea with or without extrusion. A corn-soybean based diet was used as a positive control. Increasing chickpea content in the diet did not affect weight gain, feed consumption and feed to gain ratio. Relative pancreas and liver weights, and relative lengths of duodenum, jejunum and ceca were significantly (P<0.05) increased in response to increasing chickpea concentration in the diet. The inclusion of graded concentrations of chickpea increased (P<0.05) the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of crude protein (CP) and apparent excreta digestibility (AED) of crude fat (CF) only in the case of the intermediate level of chickpea used (200 g kg -1 ). Extrusion improved weight gain and lowered relative pancreas weight (P< 0.05) respect to birds fed raw chickpea-based diets. AID of CP and AED of CF were improved (P<0.001) by extrusion. We concluded that the inclusion of up to 300 g kg -1 chickpea in chicken diets did not affect performance, and caused a negative effect on the relative weight of some digestive organs.Additional key words: chick, extrusion, legumes. ResumenValor nutritivo del garbanzo crudo y extrusionado en pollos de aptitud cárnica Se realizó un experimento con el objeto de estudiar el efecto de la inclusión de distintas concentraciones (0, 100, 200 y 300 g kg -1 ) de garbanzo crudo y extrusionado sobre los parámetros productivos, el peso y la longitud de los órganos digestivos y la digestibilidad de la proteína y la grasa de pollos broiler (0-21 días de edad). Los datos fueron analizados siguiendo un diseño factorial (3 x 2) con tres concentraciones de garbanzo con o sin extrusión. Se utilizó una dieta basada en maíz-soja como control positivo sin garbanzo. La inclusión de cantidades crecientes de garbanzo en la dieta no modificó la ganancia de peso, el consumo de alimento ni el índice de transformación de las aves, pero sí los pesos relativos del pán-creas e hígado y las longitudes relativas del duodeno, yeyuno, íleon y ciego que se incrementaron significativamente (P<0,05). La digestibilidad aparente ileal (AID) de la proteína bruta (CP) y la digestibilidad aparente fecal (AED) de la grasa bruta (CF) se incrementaron (P<0,05) sólo en el caso de la incorporación de 200 g kg -1 de garbanzo. La extrusión mejoró la ganancia de peso de las aves, la AID (P<0,001) de la CP y la AED de la CF y disminuyó (P<0,05) el peso relativo del páncreas. En conclusión, la inclusión de hasta 300 g kg -1 de garbanzo no produjo modificaciones en los paráme-tros productivos de las aves y causó efectos negativos en algunos órganos digestivos.Palabras clave adicionales: aves, extrusión, leguminosas.Abbreviations used: AED (apparent excreta digestibility), AIA (acid insol...

Effect of Chickpea Screenings by-Products as Untraditional Energy Source on Growth Performance and Digestibility of Growing Rabbits

“…Results of chemical composition in Table (2) indicated that, Chickpea screenings by-products had higher CP, EE contents and lower CF, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF), ADL contents, compared with barley. These results are in agreement with those obtained in the literature (Chavan et al (1989), Brenes et al (2008), Lardy and Anderson (2009) and Bampidis and Christodoulou (2011)). While, Ghezeljeh and Mesgaran (2010) reported that chickpea pre-screening by-products has high CP, EE, CF and low NDF, ADF (279, 78, 72, 351 and 96 g/kg DM, respectively) compared with the present study.…”

“…Meantime, insignificant differences were observed among 100% CSB and control group in DM, OM, CP, CF and NFE. These results agreed with those reported by Brenes et al (2008); Nalle (2009) who reported that digestibility and biological value of chickpea nutrients for poultry are high. While, Viveros et al (2001) noticed that the inclusion of 300 g/kg raw Kabuli chickpeas in diets of broiler chickens reduced ileal starch digestibility by 3%, ileal CP digestibility by 18% and apparent ME by 9% compared with those fed the control diet without chickpea.…”

“…The author also noticed insignificant differences in dressing percentage among the different treatments (0,32 and 47%). Besides, Brenes et al (2008) found that increasing amount of chickpea up to 300 g kg -1 increased relative liver weights by 3.6 for growing broiler chickens. Moreover, relative liver and kidneys weights and edible giblets% calculated herein showed insignificant differences among all tested groups.…”

Comparing the effects of a combined phytogenic feed additive with an individual essential oil of oregano on intestinal morphology and microflora in broilers

“…Sarica et al (2014) indicated that OEO (250 or 500 ppm) did not influence jejunum relative length in 3-d-old chicks, although the relative length of ileum was higher by 500 ppm OEO at d 14 when compared to control. Brenes et al (2008) indicated that relative weights of pancreas and liver and relative lengths of duodenum, jejunum and ceca increased in response to increasing chickpea seed which contains antinutritional factors such as protease inhibitors and polyphenols. Moreover, Miles et al (2006) reported that dietary inclusion of antibiotic growth promoters reduced intestinal length.…”

Yemlik Tane Nohutun (Cicer arietinum L.) Kanatlı Rasyonlarında Kullanılma İmkânları

“…Ekstrüde edilmiş nohut içeren rasyonlar, çiğ nohut içerenlere göre ağırlık kazancını arttırmış, pankreas ağırlığını ise kısmen azaltmıştır. Rasyona 300 g/kg'a kadar nohut ilavesi etlik piliçlerin besi performansı üzerine olumsuz bir etkide bulunmamış, fakat bazı sindirim organlarında ağırlık artışına neden olmuştur (Brenes et al, 2008).…”