Nutritive value of treatedQuercus infectoriaandQuercus libanileaves with the tannin‐degrading bacteriumKlebsiella pneumoniaefor ruminant feedingin vitro

Abstract

Aims: This study was conducted to evaluate the chemical composition and in vitro gas production (GP) and fermentation parameters of Quercus infectoria and Quercus libani leaves following treatment with the Klebsiella pneumoniae, a tannin-degrading bacterium. Methods and Results: This isolate was isolated on medium containing tannic acid as the sole source of carbon and energy, and identified based on 16S rRNA sequencing analysis. In both oak leaf species (i.e. Q. infectoria and Q. libani), inoculation with Klebsiella pneumoniae significantly increased (P < 0Á05) dry matter (DM) loss. For Q. libani, crude protein content was increased (P = 0Á02) by bacterial treatment vs. control. In both oak leaves, total phenolic content and total tannins were decreased (P < 0Á05) as a consequence of bacterial treatment. However, bacterial processing didn't changed (P > 0Á05) organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre or acid detergent lignin content of treated leaves. In both oak leaves the measuring parameters including GP volume, in vitro digestibility of DM and OM, estimated metabolizable energy, total volatile fatty acids, acetate, ammonia nitrogen concentration, total protozoal population and the subfamily Isotricha in treatments were higher (P < 0Á05) than control. Conclusions: It can be concluded that biological treatment of Q. infectoria and Q. libani leaves with K. pneumoniae represents a useful approach to decrease their phenolic compound content and improve their nutritive value as ruminant feed. Significance and Impact of the Study: This study demonstrated that biologically processing of tannin-containing by-products with K. pneumoniae could increase their nutritive value as ruminant feeds and increase animal productivity.

Plants-Derived Biomolecules as Potent Antiviral Phytomedicines: New Insights on Ethnobotanical Evidences against Coronaviruses

“…This medicinal plant is traditionally used for the treatment of diarrhea, menorrhagia, dysentery, gonorrhea, tonsillitis, impetigo and internal hemorrhages [ 112 , 258 ]. Bioactive constituents of Q. infectoria gall extract include phenolic compounds (catechol, p -hydroxybenzoic acid, caffeine, catechin, pyrogallol, e-vanillic acid, 3-hydroxytyrosol cinnamic, p -coumaric, gallic acids and resveratrol), flavonoids (naringin, rutin, 7-hydrohyflavone and hispertin) [ 111 , 259 , 260 ] with biological activities such as antiviral, antifungal, antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-parasitic, anti-venom, etc. [ 112 , 114 , 261 ].…”

Effect of treated Conocarpus erectus L. leaves with Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter as tannin-degrading bacteria on digestion activity of rumen microorganisms

“…On the other hands, using the rumen fluid of Taleshi sheep fed tannin-rich diets, improved the organic matter digestion of the pistachio hulls (Lotfi and Rouzbehan 2011). In the similar research, Motamedi et al (2019) reported that, GP and estimated parameters such as b and c were increased for Q. infectoria and only b, were increased for Q. libani following treatment with K. pneumoniae.…”

“…Several researchers reported that Klebsiella strains capable of degrading phenolic compounds (Motamedi et al, 2019;Pepi et al, 2013). Msimango (2018) reported that In vitro dry matter degradability of Acacia sieberiana was affected positively by inocula from wild herbivores (giraffe, kudu, impala and consortia) in to goat microbial inoculum.…”

“…Various chemical and physical methods such as sodium bicarbonate, polyethyleneglycol, soaking in water, cooking or steaming, have been reported to reduce the amount of tannin and its harmful side effects (Frutos et al, 2004). Recently, bioprocessing has vast applies in livestock and poultry feed, using the enzymatic capabilities of microorganisms (Motamedi et al, 2019;Bahaeddini et al, 2016). It is a profitable method and can break down toxic compounds to innocuous products (Azadi et al, 2014).…”

“…Little information (particularly involving bacteria) is available about the biological treating of taniniferous plants as ruminant feed. In the one case, Motamedi et al (2019) reported that nutritive value of oak leaves was increased following to biological treatment with Klebsiella pneumoniae. Hence, this experiment was therefore planned to assess the chemical composition, digestion activity and fermentation parameters of CL leaf species following treatment with K. p and A. b as tannase producing bacterium isolated from deer rumen on digestion activity of sheep rumen microorganisms.…”