Nymphaea pubescens Induces Apoptosis, Suppresses Cellular Oxidants-Related Cell Invasion in B16 Melanoma Cells

Abstract

Background: Nymphaea spp., Thai water lilies are aquatic plants. They contain phenolic pigments that play a major role in free radical scavenging. Melanoma is strong aggressive skin cancer-associated with oxidative stress. This study, to determine the effect of Nymphaea spp. extracts on cell apoptosis, cellular migration and invasion through the role of cellular oxidants in B16 melanoma cells. Methods: Free radical scavenging activity and total phenolic were investigated by 1, 1-diphenyl-2 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Ferric reducing anti-oxidant power (FRAP) methods and Folin-Denis test, respectively. Cytotoxic were assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. Cell apoptosis was confirmed by flow cytometry. Cellular oxidants, cellular migration and invasion were determined with 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA), wound healing and Boyden chamber assay, respectively. Results: Nymphaea pubescens showed higher capacity of scavenging free radical activity than Nymphaea stellate and also related phenolic content. Nymphaea pubescens extract was toxic to B16 melanoma cells. High concentrations cell apoptosis was induced. Contrastingly, low concentrations showed a decrease in cellular oxidants associated with the suppression of cancer cell progression. In B16 melanoma cell, Nymphaea pubescens extract was able to inhibit B16 melanoma cell migration and invasion through the low doses. Interestingly, the high doses of extract showed a potential of cytotoxicity to induce melanoma cell death. At the low doses, Nymphaea pubescens extract might suppress melanoma cells progression by interfering with both cellular migration and invasion capacity. Conclusion: Hence, Nymphaea pubescens extract induced cellular apoptosis and it also suppressed cancer cell progression by reducing oxidative stress in B16 melanoma cells.

Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Cellulase Extraction from Nymphaea hybrid Flower and Biological Activities: Antioxidant Activity, Protective Effect against ROS Oxidative Damage in HaCaT Cells and Inhibition of Melanin Production in B16 Cells

“…As shown in Figure 11 c, the cell growth density decreased at high concentrations. The results were consistent with the data reported by Teng et al that a high concentration of Nymphaea extract may induce apoptosis of B16 cells [ 62 , 63 ].…”

“…When the NHEP concentration increased to 100–140 μg/mL, the melanin content obviously decreased to 42.65% ± 2.34% ( p < 0.001), 36.53% ± 1.81% ( p < 0.001) and 24.69% ± 5.18% ( p < 0.001), respectively. This may be due to the fact that NHEP can induce apoptosis of B16 cells or inhibit tyrosinase activity [ 62 , 63 ].…”

“…The experiment referred to the method of AIMVIJARN P et al [ 63 ], the activity of B16 cells was determined by the CCK-8 assay. The cells were seeded in sterile 96-well plates according to the density of 6000 per well for 24 h and 48 h. The samples were prepared into a mixed medium with a concentration of 10–140 μg/mL.…”

Extraction Optimization, Characterization and Biological Activities of Polysaccharide Extracts from Nymphaea hybrid

“…These results indicated that NHE had a certain whitening effect in higher concentrations. This may be due to the fact that NHE can inhibit melanin synthesis and tyrosinase activity [66,67]. This kind of function is relatively rare in previous polysaccharide research.…”