O cuidado em saúde mental na atualidade

Abstract

Portuguese / English: www.scielo.br/reeusp RESUMO O objetivo desse trabalho foi identificar as características sócio-demográficas dos cuidadores de pessoas que tiveram alta hospitalar de internação psiquiátrica. Foi realizado um estudo quantitativo exploratório em um serviço ambulatorial de saúde mental. A amostra foi composta por pacientes egressos de internação e seus cuidadores. Foi utilizado um questionário e a pesquisa foi aprovada pelo CEP. De 48 pacientes egressos 21 possuíam um cuidador. Todos os cuidadores identificados eram familiares dos pacientes e a idade média foi de 46,6 anos. As mães eram as principais cuidadoras em 38% dos casos. Casados ou amasiados representaram 61,9% dos cuidadores e apenas um cuidador não tinha filhos. A principal fonte de renda foi trabalho eventual para 28,6%. Conhecer quem são os cuidadores dos pacientes egressos de internação psiquiátrica, hoje, possibilita identificar características que podem fomentar a determinação do melhor tratamento e suporte profissional ao cuidado dessa clientela. DESCRITORES ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to identify the sociodemographic characteristics of caregivers to people who have been discharged from psychiatric hospitalization. A quantitative exploratory study was performed at an outpatient clinic of a mental health service. The sample consisted of patients who had been discharged and their caregivers. A questionnaire was used, and the study was approved by the local research ethics committee. Of the 48 discharged patients, 21 had a caregiver. All the identified caregivers were relatives of the patients, and their average age was 46.6 years. In 38% of cases, the patient's mother was the caregiver. In terms of marital status, 61.9% of the caregivers were married or living in common-law relationships, and only one caregiver did not have children. The main source of income for 28.6% of the participants was temporary keeping eventual jobs. By knowing who is the caregiver of a patient discharged from psychiatric hospitalization it is possible to identify the characteristics that may help to determine the best treatment and professional support for that population. DESCRIPTORS

Psychiatric patients' satisfaction in the therapeutic residence services: A positive experience of psychiatric deinstitutionalization

“…In Brazil, even though socioeconomic statistics on mental health patients is scarce, studies with patients discharged from psychiatric hospitalization and their caregivers (Cardoso & Frari-Galera, 2011), and with CAPS patients (Mangualde et al, 2012) indicated a picture of predominantly low income. The Barbacena SRT patients in our study were overwhelmingly illiterate or barely literate (>80%), held no formal jobs (>90%) and whatever income they had came from public funds.…”

Percepção da internação em hospital psiquiátrico por pacientes com diagnóstico de esquizofrenia

“…Todos os sujeitos entrevistados já haviam sido internados por mais de uma vez. Sobre esse fato, pode-se ressaltar que apesar dos avanços nos serviços substitutivos, o doente mental ainda passa por um processo chamado porta giratória, caracterizado por sucessivas internações nos períodos de episódios agudos 13 .…”

Nursing care and actions in mental health in a psychiatric day hospital: an integrative review

“…11 Formerly, still in the XIX century, there was a professional conduct based on discipline and coercion of patients with mental and behavioral disorders, associated with the accomplishment of procedures, such as hygiene and comfort measures, medication administration, among others. [15][16] Throughout the 1950's, under the influence of studies and researches of an American nurse 17 , new perspectives for nursing care were introduced. The main tool of professional practice was based on the professional-patient therapeutic relationship, thereby focusing on the mutual respect present in this process.…”

“…The nursing professional, as an integrating member, began to operate in the above mentioned space. Thus, the nursing care process and actions began to incorporate different elements of the historical scenario [1][2][3][4][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] .…”