O desempenho de idosos com perda auditiva neurossensorial nos testes de processamento auditivo: um estudo longitudinal

Abstract

OBJETIVOS: verificar o desempenho de idosos nos testes de processamento auditivo na entrega do Aparelho de Amplificação Sonora Individual, após um mês de uso deste dispositivo e após o treinamento auditivo. MÉTODOS: o estudo foi realizado com 11 idosos, entre 60 e 79 anos, protetizados num Centro de Saúde. Todos foram submetidos aos testes Fala no Ruído, Random Gap Detection Test normal ou expandido e Dicótico de Dígitos na etapa de integração binaural em três momentos: na entrega do Aparelho de Amplificação Sonora Individual, após um mês de uso do mesmo e após as cinco sessões de treinamento auditivo. RESULTADOS: em relação ao sexo, 7 (63,64%) eram mulheres. A média de idade foi 71,27 (±5,33) anos. O tempo médio de uso diário do Aparelho de Amplificação Sonora Individual foi de 10,18 horas (±2,44) e o de privação sensorial foi 5,82 anos (±5,29). Todos os participantes aumentaram os escores nos testes de processamento auditivo gradativamente, obtendo melhor desempenho após o treinamento auditivo, sendo o comparativo entre os três momentos estatisticamente significantes (p<0,001). CONCLUSÃO: o processo de adaptação do Aparelho de Amplificação Sonora Individual bem como o treinamento auditivo proporcionou melhora no reconhecimento de fala com e sem mensagem competitiva pois refletindo o período de aclimatização após a segunda avaliação e o efeito do treinamento auditivo após a terceira avaliação.

Treinamento auditivo computadorizado em idosos protetizados pelo Sistema Único de Saúde

“…This fact may be related to the cognition that is characterized by slowness in the elderly, suggesting some deficit in the transmission of the temporal processing, and also related to the reduction in the efficiency of the corpus callosum. The same observation was found in relation to the performance in these tests, when analyzing the results obtained in another study (21) .…”

“…In relation to the comparative analysis of the variables between the genders, no significant differences were observed for the variables of interest, agreeing with other studies found in the researched literature (20,21) .…”

“…In another study, the performance of elderly people in behavioral tests was evaluated at the delivery of the hearing aid, after a month of use of the device, and after the auditory training. It was observed that all participants increased their scores in the behavioral tests, gradually reaching better performance after the auditory training in the second moment of evaluation, suggesting that both the process of adaptation to the hearing aid and the auditory training produced an improvement in the impaired auditory abilities (21) .…”

“…The sample consisted of a larger number of men, but in other studies that included auditory training, women were in a larger number (21,22) . This fact may be related to the great demand from women for finding early speech-auditory diagnosis and to the fact that they seek for health care more often than men, as verified in another study which found lower participation of men in primary healthcare services and in which it was observed that the preventive practices, for various reasons, no matter they were structural and/or cultural, they were not part of the daily routine of the male population (23) .…”

Study of aged central auditory function using the auditory middle latency response

“…As reported by Fonseca and Costa-Ferreira 20 due to sensory deprivation, even in high frequencies, the elderly may present impaired hearing abilities and the regions involved in auditory processing can be compromised by affecting listening abilities, also evidenced by the deficient findings of AMLR. 21 In this study, the AMLR was sensitive to studying the central auditory pathway of the elderly both with hearing loss at high frequencies and without hearing loss. 22 , 23 …”