O desvelar do cuidar de si da mulher quilombola/ Unveiling the self-care of the quilombola woman

Abstract

Objetivo: desvelar os significados do cuidar de si das mulheres quilombolas frente aos determinantes sociais presentes em seu território. Método: estudo qualitativo de abordagem fenomenológica à luz do pensamento filosófico de Martim Heidegger, realizado com nove mulheres quilombolas participantes do Diretório de Mulheres da Colônia do Paiol/MG, Brasil, mediante entrevistas fenomenológicas, analisadas com a Hermenêutica heideggeriana. Resultados: Emergiram quatro Unidades de Significação: o desvelar do bem-estar da convivência no território; os determinantes sociais interferindo no autocuidado à saúde; a baixa funcionalidade dos serviços de saúde potencializando a desigualdade social; e a importância do Diretório de Mulheres que se torna aparato social de resgate dos saberes ancestrais.Considerações finais: Os quilombolas enfrentam desafios cotidianos influenciados pelos determinantes sociais que são acentuados pela desigualdade do acesso aos serviços e às ações vinculadas ao seu direito à saúde, e, nesse sentido, o Diretório de Mulheres aparece como estratégia para continuarem a resistir.

The Intersectionality Of Quilombola Woman And Her Needs Of Care: Evidence Of Scientific Literature

“…In their communities, they organize meetings to discuss issues related to health and the forms of treatment traditionally used by them. They also recover the mêmicas about religion and territory, a characteristic similar to that found in African communities, with a sharing of responsibilities and privileges, including decision-making power (Santos, 2018;Prates, 2015;Roque, 2020).…”

“…It is a place that refers to them the feeling of being all a large family, forming a collective network of social support, trust, protection and well-being. In their narratives, they demonstrate the pride of the place where they live and of being farmers; to have received by orality the ancestral knowledge of the handling of medicinal plants by praying or benzedeiras, qualification given to those who perform the cure through their prayers, also known as blessings, to have had their deliveries performed by midwives, who accompanied them in pregnancy, childbirth to the puerperium, through care practices based on cultural beliefs and customs, using natural resources and divine invocation, regardless of the existence or not of local health infrastructure (Santos, 2018;Valentine, 2016;Souza, 2017;Bonfim et al, 2018;Durand 2019;Silva et al, 2020;Roque, 2020).…”

“…The tradition of care exercised by quilombola women erases the notion of the quilombola experience thought for years exclusively through strength and virility and reinforces the performance of motherhood practiced by these women. This tradition, added to all the activities performed by them in the role of farmers, housewives, mothers, providers of the home, generates a mixed feeling of obligation and concern, these being the reasons scored in the studies on their narratives to forget their own and only take care of others with whom it relates to the tangle of affection present in their territory (Viegas & Varga, 2016;Santos, 2018;Prates, 2015;Grossi, Oliveira & Bitencourt, 2018;Roque, 2020;Silva et al, 2020) According to Rodrigues, Souza, Queiroz & Nunes (2021), quilombos are currently a movement of search and struggle for land, and this struggle is also rebuilt daily, especially by poor access to public policies and land conflicts with landowners. In terms of public policies, studies indicate that in the Lula Government quilombola women had access to water, through the construction of cisterns (Prudêncio, 2017;Souza, 2017;Bezerra et al, 2014).…”

“…However, the multiple existential oppressions experienced by them reduce the chances of full exercise of their own citizenship. The intersectionality disembdes energy of these women and reinforces the need for unity, a collective struggle in their different ways of resisting and in the most diverse spaces of power (Viegas & Varga, 2016;Prates, 2015;Grossi, Oliveira & Bitencourt, 2018;Prates et al 2018a;Santos, 2018;Roque, 2020).…”

“…Quilombola women experience social inequities and adverse dimensions of access, which are seen as challenges to be faced in health care, linked to the different SSD, including the absence of a local health service to fully serve all residents and the difficulty of access to public health services, both for the distance and the lack of financial resources to pay for transportation to the health unit. Some studies have identified that this lack of resources increases the difficulty of access to care in the basic health units of the city, due to the fact that they are not residents of that coverage area, or by the flow of care established (Prates, 2015;Prates et al 2018b;Gomes et al, 2013;Durand, Heidemann, 2019;Durand, Heidemann, 2020;Roque, 2020;Santos et al, 2021;Nascimento, Arante, Carvalho, 2022).…”