O Novo Currículo Da Educação Física Sob O Discurso Neoliberal

ObjectiveThis paper examines the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) using a multivariate multilevel approach and investigates the links between individual and school‐related correlates with children's BMI and CRF.MethodsThis cross‐sectional sample included 1014 children (6–10 years) from 25 Portuguese primary schools. BMI was calculated, and CRF was assessed with the PACER test. Fundamental movement skills (FMS) included five object control tasks. Moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sleep, and sedentary time were assessed with the ActiGraph wGT3X‐BT accelerometer. Socioeconomic status (SES) and school variables were also obtained. A multivariate multilevel model was used, and alpha was set at 5%.ResultsBMI and CRF systematically increased with age. Most of the joint variance (94.4%) was explained at the child level, and BMI and CRF were correlated at this level (ρ = −.37). More active children demonstrated higher CRF levels and had lower BMI levels; sedentary and sleep time were not significantly associated with BMI or CRF. FMS were positively associated with CRF but were not significantly associated with BMI. Children at higher SES were more fit and had lower BMI than their peers of lower SES. Finally, school‐level variables were not significantly related to BMI and CRF.ConclusionBMI and CRF had a low but statistically significant negative correlation in this sample of children. Most of the variation in BMI and CRF was explained by child‐level characteristics.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual and school correlates of body mass index and cardiorespiratory fitness in primary school children from the REACT project: A multivariate multilevel analysis

Pereira,

Katzmarzyk,

Garbeloto

et al. 2024

“…classes, $100% of the REACT children attended between one and two weekly classes of an extracurricular program named ECA. Physical educator teachers lead part of this program, which takes place within schools (Cruz, 2023;Pereira et al, 2024). In ECA, children engage in various activities (games and sports) that enhance their MVPA levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All children involved in the study have one physical education class a week in addition to one or two weekly classes of an extracurricular program named 'Enrichment Curricular Activities' (ECA) (Cruz, 2023;Pereira et al, 2024). In the ECA, children engage in various activities, including games and sports, that enhance their motor development.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is there an association between proficiency in fundamental movement skills and moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity in childhood on weekdays and weekends? The REACT project

Garbeloto,

Maia,

Barreira

et al. 2024

ObjectiveThe present study probes into the association between children's fundamental movement skills (FMS) and moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (MVPA) during weekdays and weekends.MethodsThis cross‐sectional sample included 1014 children aged 6–10 years from the REACT project. Physical activity was assessed with accelerometry, and five FMS (stationary dribble, kick, catch, overhand throw, and underhand roll) were assessed with the digital platform Meu Educativo®. Three groups were formed based on the frequency of FMS that each child mastered: group 1 (wizard level in four or five FMS); group 2 (wizard level in two or three FMS); and group 3 (wizard level in at most one skill). Multilevel models were used to analyze the data treating children (level‐1) nested within schools (level‐2).ResultsCompared to group 1, groups 2 (−12.9 ± 2.3 min day−1) and 3 (−23.9 ± 2.4 min day−1) were less physically active during weekdays and weekends (group 2: −14.7 ± 2.7 min day−1 and group 3: −22.4 ± 2.9 min day−1), independent of age and sex. There was a decline in MVPA during the weekend. Further, on average, boys were more active than girls, and with increasing age, children were less active.ConclusionOn average, children with higher FMS levels are generally more physically active than their peers with lower FMS levels. Even though MVPA tends to decline on weekends, FMS proficiency is a significant factor in maintaining 60 min of MVPA on weekends.

“…All teaching staffs are graduates in Physical Education/Kinesiology, and their recruitment is based on a series of standards set by the education department of the city hall. Additionally, in Matosinhos, the national physical education program issued by the Portuguese Ministry of Education is complemented by a series of local activities like rope skipping, swimming, roller skating, golf, surfing, and bodyboarding (Cruz, 2023). All these activities are free of cost to all children and are provided by the city hall.…”

Section: School-level Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multivariate multilevel approach to unravel the associations between individual and school factors on children's motor performance in the REACT project

Maia,

Santos,

Pereira

et al. 2024

ObjectiveThe aim was to (1) estimate the relationship between physical fitness (PF) and object control fundamental movement skills (FMS), (2) identify child characteristics that relate with PF and FMS, and (3) examine associations between the school environment, PF, and FMS.MethodsThe sample included 1014 Portuguese children aged 6–10 years from the REACT project. PF was assessed via running speed, shuttle run, standing long jump, handgrip, and the PACER test. Object control FMS were assessed with stationary dribble, kick, catch, overhand throw, and underhand roll. Test performances were transformed into z‐scores, and their sum was expressed as overall PF and FMS. Child‐level variables included body mass index (BMI) z‐scores, accelerometer‐measured sedentary time and moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity, and socioeconomic status (SES). School size, physical education classes, practice areas, and equipment were also assessed.ResultsApproximately, 90% of the variance in object control PF and FMS was at the child level, and 10% at the school level. The correlation between PF and object control FMS was .62, which declined to .43 with the inclusion of covariates. Older, more active, and higher SES children had higher object control PF and FMS, and boys outperformed girls. BMI was negatively associated with PF but not with object control FMS. Sedentary time and number of physical education classes were not significant predictors. Most school predictors did not jointly associate with PF and object control FMS.ConclusionPF and object control FMS z‐scores were moderately related. Not all child characteristics were associated with both PF and object control FMS, and their effect sizes were different. School characteristics only explained 10% of the total variation in PF and object control FMS.