O Sistema Semi-Presidencialista Cabo-verdiano: A Relação entre os Poderes Executivo e Legislativo

Abstract

O artigo procura analisar a relação que se estabelece entre o poder executivo e legislativo no sistema de governo cabo-verdiano, onde Investigadores buscam compreendê-lo, tendo em conta a sua configuração prática, teórica e constitucional. Há que realçar a proeminência do debate e dos estudos realizados no sentido de compreender como é que a academia científica procura debelar esta problemática. Duas questões são pertinentes neste debate: a primeira refere-se à configuração teórico-constitucional do sistema de governo cabo-verdiano e a outra à prática política e legislativa

Elections in Cape Verde, 1991-2016: Testing the second-order election model in a consolidated semi-presidential African democracy1

“…The fact that presidential elections are scheduled to occur soon after the legislative elections and do not produce any changes in terms of who governs would actually be a distinct sign of these elections' second-orderness. Nevertheless, despite Cape Verde being a semi-presidential regime, the president does have a number of powers (Costa, 2009;Fortes & Magalhães, 2005;Madeira, 2015), which make it possible to argue that perhaps the Cape Verdean voters do not regard, or at least do not always regard, presidential elections as being actually second-order, and therefore do not vote in line with Reif and Schmitt's (1980) theoretical expectations. This would actually put Cape Verde in line with a clear trend in terms of electoral politics in…”

“…With this in mind, what can we say about Cape Verde? In fact, there is no consensus among researchers in respect of the nature of the system of government established by Cape Verde's 1992 Constitution (Canas & Fonseca, 2007;Madeira, 2015): while some describe it as a form of rationalised or mitigated parliamentarism, others prefer to call it semi-presidential (Costa, 2009). In any case, the system in place distinguishes Cape Verde from several other African political systems, in which presidentialism is the most popular choice in terms of system of government (Bleck & van de Walle, 2019) -and in which presidential elections are clearly first-order.…”

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“…[ii] The government system and separation of powers: the institutionalisation of the post-transition government system, which is characterised at the theoretical, political and constitutional level as semi-presidentialism (Canas and Fonseca, 2007;Lima, 2004), allowed the various organs of the state to enjoy a new status, in the perspective that powers should be attributed to prevent their concentration, without impairing their operation. 6 However, given the parliamentary majority, partisan discipline and legislative competence of the government over matters not reserved for parliament, there has been a supremacy of the executive over the legislative power (Madeira, 2015b). However, the current Cape Verdean semi-presidential system, which combines the virtues of pure systems (parliamentarianism and presidentialism), has presented positive results in terms of governance, efficiency and capacity to overcome political crises 7 (Elgie, 2011).…”

The construction of democracy in Cape Verde: from portuguese colonial conditionalism to international recognition

“…6 However, given the parliamentary majority, partisan discipline and legislative competence of the government over matters not reserved for parliament, there has been a supremacy of the executive over the legislative power (Madeira, 2015b). However, the current Cape Verdean semi-presidential system, which combines the virtues of pure systems (parliamentarianism and presidentialism), has presented positive results in terms of governance, efficiency and capacity to overcome political crises 7 (Elgie, 2011).…”