O<sub>3</sub> and CO in New England: Temporal variations and relationships

Mao, Huiting; Talbot, R. W.

doi:10.1029/2004jd004913

Cited by 88 publications

(122 citation statements)

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“…These calculations indicate that 0.5-2.4 ppbv, 0.46-0.65 ppbv, 0.15-0.24 ppbv, 0.08-0.1 ppbv, and 1.2-2.3 ppbv (total range 2.4-5.7 ppbv) of additional O 3 could be formed as a result of the enhanced propene, i-pentane, n-pentane, n-hexane, and toluene mixing ratios, respectively, in summer at TF. In comparison, the 24 h mean O 3 mixing ratios at TF are ∼30 ppbv in summer (Mao and Talbot, 2004a;Talbot et al, 2005). These results are not absolute levels of O 3 that will be produced because the MIR factors were derived for conditions that do not necessarily reflect New England (Carter, 1994).…”

Section: Influence Of Enhanced Nmhc Emissions On Summer Photochemistrymentioning

confidence: 83%

Multi-year (2004–2008) record of nonmethane hydrocarbons and halocarbons in New England: seasonal variations and regional sources

et al. 2010

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Abstract. Multi-year time series records of C 2 -C 6 alkanes, C 2 -C 4 alkenes, ethyne, isoprene, C 6 -C 8 aromatics, trichloroethene (C 2 HCl 3 ), and tetrachloroethene (C 2 Cl 4 ) from canister samples collected during January 2004-February 2008 at the University of New Hampshire (UNH) AIRMAP Observatory at Thompson Farm (TF) in Durham, NH are presented. The objectives of this work are to identify the sources of nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) and halocarbons observed at TF, characterize the seasonal and interannual variability in ambient mixing ratios and sources, and estimate regional emission rates of NMHCs. Analysis of correlations and comparisons with emission ratios indicated that a ubiquitous and persistent mix of emissions from several anthropogenic sources is observed throughout the entire year. The highest C 2 -C 8 anthropogenic NMHC mixing ratios were observed in mid to late winter. Following the springtime minimums, the C 3 -C 6 alkanes, C 7 -C 8 aromatics, and C 2 HCl 3 increased in early to mid summer, presumably reflecting enhanced evaporative emissions. Mixing ratios of C 2 Cl 4 and C 2 HCl 3 decreased by 0.7±0.2 and 0.3±0.05 pptv/year, respectively, which is indicative of reduced usage and emissions of these halogenated solvents. Emission rates of C 3 -C 8 NMHCs were estimated to be 10 9 to 10 10 molecules cm −2 s −1 in winter 2006. The emission rates extrapolated to the state of New Hampshire and New England were ∼2-60 Mg/day and ∼12-430 Mg/day, respectively. Emission rates of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, Correspondence to: R. S. Russo (rrusso@gust.sr.unh.edu) xylenes, and ethyne in the 2002 and 2005 EPA National Emissions Inventories were within ±50% of the TF emission rates.

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Section: Influence Of Enhanced Nmhc Emissions On Summer Photochemistrymentioning

confidence: 83%

Multi-year (2004–2008) record of nonmethane hydrocarbons and halocarbons in New England: seasonal variations and regional sources

et al. 2010

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“…A detailed study of relationships between Hg 0 /RGM/Hg P and other chemical compounds will be presented in Part 3 . A description of CO measurement can be found in Mao and Talbot (2004a).…”

Section: Measurements and Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speciated mercury at marine, coastal, and inland sites in New England – Part 2: Relationships with atmospheric physical parameters

et al. 2012

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Abstract. Long-term continuous measurements of gaseous elemental mercury (Hg 0 ), reactive gaseous mercury (RGM), and particulate phase mercury (Hg P ) were conducted at coastal (Thompson Farm, denoted as TF), marine (Appledore Island, denoted as AI), and elevated inland rural (Pac Monadnock, denoted as PM) monitoring sites of the AIRMAP Observing Network. Diurnal, seasonal, annual, and interannual variability in Hg 0 , RGM, and Hg P from the three distinctly different environments were characterized and compared in Part 1. Here in Part 2 relationships between speciated mercury (i.e., Hg 0 , RGM, and Hg P ) and climate variables (e.g., temperature, wind speed, humidity, solar radiation, and precipitation) were examined. The best point-to-point correlations were found between Hg 0 and temperature in summer at TF and spring at PM, but there was no similar correlation at AI. Subsets of data demonstrated regional impacts of episodic dynamic processes such as strong cyclonic systems on ambient levels of Hg 0 at all three sites, possibly through enhanced oceanic evasion of Hg 0 . A tendency of higher levels of RGM and Hg P was identified in spring and summer under sunny conditions in all environments. Specifically, the 10th, 25th, median, 75th, and 90th percentile mixing ratios of RGM and Hg P increased with stronger solar radiation at both the coastal and marine sites. These metrics decreased with increasing wind speed at AI indicating enhanced loss of RGM and Hg P through deposition. RGM and Hg P levels correlated with temperature positively in spring, summer and fall at the coastal and marine locations. At the coastal site relationships between RGM and relative humidity suggested a clear decreasing tendency in all metrics from <40 % to 100 % relative humidity in all seasons especially in spring, compared to less variability in the marine environment. The effect of precipitation on RGM at coastal and marine locations was similar. At the coastal site, RGM levels were a factor of 3-4 to two orders of magnitude higher under dry conditions than rainy conditions in all seasons. In winter RGM mixing ratios appeared to be mostly above the limit of detection (LOD) during snowfalls suggesting less scavenging efficiency of snow. Mixing ratios of Hg P at the coastal and marine sites remained above the LOD under rainy conditions. Precipitation had negligible impact on the magnitude and pattern of diurnal variation of Hg P in all seasons in the marine environment.

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“…It is approximately 25 km from the Gulf of Maine and 110 km north of the city of Boston. The UNH AIRMAP program maintains and collects numerous atmospheric chemistry measurements at TF (Mao and Talbot, 2004;Chen et al, 2007;Darby et al, 2007;Mao et al, 2008;Sigler et al, 2009b). Meteorological data used in this study (temperature, solar radiation, precipitation amount) are from the NOAA Climate Reference Network (CRN) site co-located at TF.…”

Section: Sample Collection and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Mercury deposition in Southern New Hampshire, 2006–2009

et al. 2011

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Abstract. The atmospheric deposition of mercury (Hg) occurs via several mechanisms including wet, dry, and occult processes. In an effort to understand the atmospheric cycling and seasonal depositional characteristics of Hg, event-based wet deposition samples and reactive gaseous Hg (RGM) measurements were collected for approximately 3 years at Thompson Farm (TF), a near-coastal rural site in Durham, NH, part of the University of New Hampshire AIRMAP Observing Network. Total aqueous mercury exhibited seasonal patterns in Hg wet deposition at TF. The lowest Hg wet deposition was measured in the winter with an average total seasonal deposition of 1.56 µg m −2 compared to the summer average of 4.71 µg m −2 . Inter-annual differences in total wet deposition are generally linked with precipitation volume, with the greatest deposition occurring in the wettest year. Relationships between surface level RGM and Hg wet deposition were also investigated based on continuous RGM measurements at TF from November 2006 to September 2009. No correlations were observed between RGM mixing ratios and Hg wet deposition, however the ineffective scavenging of RGM during winter precipitation events was evidenced by the less frequent depletion of RGM below the detection level. Seasonal dry deposition of reactive gaseous Hg (RGM) was estimated using an order-of-magnitude approach. RGM mixing ratios and dry deposition estimates were greatest during the winter and spring. The seasonal ratios of Hg wet deposition to RGM dry deposition vary by up to a factor of 80.

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O₃ and CO in New England: Temporal variations and relationships

Cited by 88 publications

References 35 publications

Multi-year (2004–2008) record of nonmethane hydrocarbons and halocarbons in New England: seasonal variations and regional sources

Multi-year (2004–2008) record of nonmethane hydrocarbons and halocarbons in New England: seasonal variations and regional sources

Speciated mercury at marine, coastal, and inland sites in New England – Part 2: Relationships with atmospheric physical parameters

Mercury deposition in Southern New Hampshire, 2006–2009

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O3 and CO in New England: Temporal variations and relationships

Cited by 88 publications

References 35 publications

Multi-year (2004–2008) record of nonmethane hydrocarbons and halocarbons in New England: seasonal variations and regional sources

Multi-year (2004–2008) record of nonmethane hydrocarbons and halocarbons in New England: seasonal variations and regional sources

Speciated mercury at marine, coastal, and inland sites in New England – Part 2: Relationships with atmospheric physical parameters

Mercury deposition in Southern New Hampshire, 2006–2009

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O₃ and CO in New England: Temporal variations and relationships