"O texto de crianças e adolescentes com depressão maior unipolar"

Cosmic ΔB from lepton violating interactions at the electroweak phase transition

“…Moreover, even a small gradient in temperature across the wall can be crucial for accelerating the wall itself, see Enqvist et al [18] and ref. [22].…”

“…There already exist several experimental constraints on the λ and λ ′ couplings in (22) [23]. The strongest bounds by far are those obtained from the cosmological considerations on the survival of the cosmic ∆B [24].…”

“…The strongest bounds by far are those obtained from the cosmological considerations on the survival of the cosmic ∆B [24]. If we ask for the L-violating interactions due to the couplings (22) to be constantly out of equilibrium until the weak scale, so that they cannot wash out any (B − L) asymmetry previously generated, a severe upper limit λ, λ ′ < ∼ 10 −7 , independently from the generation indices is obtained 3 . In our case these limits are no longer valid since we ask for the L-violating interactions in (22) to be still operative at the weak scale in order to give rise to the late ∆L.…”

“…If we ask for the L-violating interactions due to the couplings (22) to be constantly out of equilibrium until the weak scale, so that they cannot wash out any (B − L) asymmetry previously generated, a severe upper limit λ, λ ′ < ∼ 10 −7 , independently from the generation indices is obtained 3 . In our case these limits are no longer valid since we ask for the L-violating interactions in (22) to be still operative at the weak scale in order to give rise to the late ∆L. Other phenomenological and astophysical limits [26] exist, though they are substantially less tight, and we shall take them into account.…”

“…The scenarios we have in mind for the generation of ∆L goes as follows. We assume the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) to be the lightest neutralino 3 This is true only if one allows for the violation of all partial lepton number symmetries in (22). It was pointed out that one can evade these bounds if one of the lepton numbers L e , L µ , L τ , say L e , is preserved in (22), so that 1 3 B − L e is not washed out [25].…”