O036. Cocaine and headache: a 2-year follow-up study in chronic cocaine users and literature review

Fofi, Luisa; Orlandi, Valerio; Vanacore, Nicola; Mizzoni, Maria C; Rosa, Alba; Aurilia, Cinzia; Egeo, Gabriella; Casella, Pietro; Barbanti, Piero

doi:10.1186/1129-2377-16-s1-a167

Cited by 1 publication

(5 citation statements)

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“…Headache may occur due to damage to the serotoninergic and dopaminergic system [6]. In chronic cocaine users (CCUs), a headache occurs due to synaptic depletion of dopamine and serotonin causing a condition called "empty neuron", a classical migraine biochemical feature [7]. Cocaine causes vasoconstriction by activation of the sympathetic nervous system and decreases reuptake of catecholamine (noradrenaline and adrenaline), far ahead of other neurotransmitters (serotonin and dopamine), at presynaptic cleft and increases their supply at postsynaptic receptors and also releases epinephrine and norepinephrine by the adrenal medulla; moreover, it was investigated that serotonin and dopamine are also released by cocaine use [1,2,4,5].…”

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the most widely recognized manifestations after cocaine use is headache [6]. Headache occurs in 90% of cases of CCUs [7]. Prolonged cocaine consumption may cause headaches or deteriorate the preexisting headache with migraine or migraine-like characteristics [6,7].…”

Section: Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Headache occurs in 90% of cases of CCUs [7]. Prolonged cocaine consumption may cause headaches or deteriorate the preexisting headache with migraine or migraine-like characteristics [6,7]. Cocaine-induced headache occurs more commonly in young individuals and predominantly in females [7].…”

Section: Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prolonged cocaine consumption may cause headaches or deteriorate the preexisting headache with migraine or migraine-like characteristics [6,7]. Cocaine-induced headache occurs more commonly in young individuals and predominantly in females [7]. CCUs presented with cocaine-induced headaches may be divided into three groups according to the type of headache they are presented with.…”

Section: Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some CCUs use cocaine as an acute cure to treat headache outbreaks that is not effective for all cases; only 17.2% of cases benefit from it. But in more recent research, it has been notified that those patients who have incurable cluster headache that is not treated by conventional treatment, cocaine used as an acute cure shows full or partial improvement in 30.8% of cases [7]. Users suffering from headaches due to withdrawal from cocaine use can be relieved by doxepin.…”

Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Cocaine-Induced Headache: A Review of Pathogenesis, Presentation, Diagnosis, and Management

Farooque¹,

Okorie²,

Kataria³

et al. 2020

Cureus

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Cocaine is a vasoactive substance, and its consumption has increased throughout the world. There are many neurological complications caused by chronic cocaine use, which include headache, aneurysmal formation, ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke (subdural and subarachnoid hemorrhage), seizures, etc. Headache is one of the most common symptoms that appear after cocaine use. It may occur due to dopaminergic and serotoninergic system impairment. Cocaine causes vasoconstriction by stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system and decreases the reuptake of epinephrine, norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine. Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) is well accepted with cocaine use, which occurs most commonly in middle-aged adults and females. The relation between cocaine consumption and time of occurrence of headache has been described according to which some people suffer from headaches immediately after the cocaine use, some within 40 to 90 minutes of a cocaine binge, and some even after the cocaine abstinence for long period. The diagnosis of a cocaine-induced headache depends on history, physical examination, and cerebrovascular imaging findings. And its management is done according to cause that is responsible for headache.

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