Obesity and Associated Complications in Patients With Severe Mental Illnesses

Susce, Margaret T.; Villanueva, N.; Díaz, Francisco Javier Rodríguez; León, José de

doi:10.4088/jcp.v66n0203

Cited by 118 publications

(84 citation statements)

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“…To our knowledge, this is the first time that the nutritional status In-patient Out-patient All of psychiatric inpatients and outpatients has been assessed in a Malawian mental health facility. Elsewhere, studies have shown that obesity is higher among schizophrenic patients than in the general population 10,11 . Overnutrition and obesity in individuals with mental disorders such as schizophrenia has been attributed to factors such as sedentary lifestyle, poor nutritional choices or lack of access to healthy foods, the effects of both the mental disorder itself and the medications used to treat it, and lack of access to adequate preventative medical care 12 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropometric Characteristics and the Burden of Altered Nutritional Status among Neuropsychiatric Patients at Zomba Mental Hospital in Zomba, Malawi

Mhango¹,

Kalimbira²,

Mwagomba³

2015

Mal. Med. J

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ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of overnutrition and undernutrition among neuropsychiatric inpatients and outpatients at Zomba Mental Hospital in Zomba, Malawi. MethodsIn this analytical cross-sectional study (n = 239), data were collected from psychiatric patients who were either inpatients (n = 181) or outpatients (n = 58) at Zomba Mental Hospital, which is the largest mental health facility in Malawi. Information was collected about patient demographics, anthropometric data, dietary information, and tobacco and alcohol use, among other variables. Data were entered and analysed in SPSS 16.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Means were generated and compared between male and female patients, and between inpatients and outpatients. ResultsThe study recruited 158 male and 81 female patients, with mean ages of 31.24 ± 11.85 years and 33.08 ± 15.18 years (p = 0.328), respectively. Male patients were significantly taller (165.27 ± 7.25 cm) than female patients (155.30 ± 6.56 cm) (p < 0.001); were significantly heavier than females (60.02 ± 10.56 kg versus 55.64 ± 10.53 kg); and had a significantly lower mean body mass index (BMI) than females (21.87 ± 3.21 vs. 23.01 ± 3.78) (p = 0.016). Overweight and obese patients comprised 17.6% of the participants, and 8.8% were underweight. There were no significant differences in the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and underweight between male and female participants, or between inpatients and outpatients. ConclusionOur study-the first one of its kind in Malawi-characterised the anthropometry of neuropsychiatric patients at a major metal health facility in Malawi, and has shown a high proportion of overweight patients and a notable presence of underweight patients among them. Being overweight or obese is a risk factor for metabolic disorders. Being underweight may aggravate mental illness or disturb the effect of medication. There is need, therefore, to include nutrition screening and therapeutic or supplementary feeding as part of a comprehensive care and treatment plan for neuropsychiatric patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropometric Characteristics and the Burden of Altered Nutritional Status among Neuropsychiatric Patients at Zomba Mental Hospital in Zomba, Malawi

Mhango¹,

Kalimbira²,

Mwagomba³

2015

Mal. Med. J

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“…Compared to the general population, people with schizophrenia have increased risks of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) (Brown et al, 2000;Ryan and Thakore, 2002;Susce et al, 2005), and their life expectancy is shorter by 15 years primarily because of coronary heart disease (Hennekens et al, 2005). Two important factors contributing to this increased morbidity and mortality are inherent susceptibility and antipsychotic medication side effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Individuals with chronic schizophrenia have high rates of overweight and obesity (Susce et al, 2005;Homel et al, 2002), but it is not known whether they are heavier than the general adult population. One analysis, based on 1989 National Health Interview Survey data (i.e., from the pre-SGA era), found similar BMI distribution for men with and without schizophrenia, but that women with schizophrenia had a statistically and clinically significantly higher mean BMI compared to women without this illness (Allison et al, 1999a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early treatment-related changes in diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk markers in first episode psychosis subjects

Graham

Cho

Brownley

et al. 2008

Schizophrenia Research

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Objective-To examine prospective changes in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type-2 diabetes risk factors in young adult first episode psychotic (FEP) patients treated with second generation antipsychotic medications.Methods-At baseline, fasting serum and anthropometric measures were obtained from 45 FEP patients and 41 healthy adults (controls) of similar age, ethnicity and sex; sixteen of the FEP patients remained on the same antipsychotic medication and were available for a second blood draw at 24 weeks of treatment. Serum was assayed for glucose, insulin, triglycerides, total cholesterol and high and low density lipoproteins (HDL, LDL), adiponectin, leptin, interleukin 6, E-selectin and VCAM-1. Wilcoxon nonparametric tests were used to compare risk markers between the FEP and control group at baseline and to evaluate pre-post treatment changes within the FEP group.Results-At baseline, the distributions of risk marker values were similar between the two groups and the percentages of FEP patients and healthy controls who were overweight/obese, dyslipidemic, hyperglycemic, and hyperinsulinemic did not differ. At 24 weeks, compared to baseline, FEP patients showed significant increases in BMI (p=0.0002), glucose (p=0.0449), insulin (p=0.0161), cholesterol (p=0.0129), leptin (p=0.0215), and E-selectin (p=0.0195), and a decrease in adiponectin (p=0.0371).Conclusions-Among patients with first episode psychosis, 6-month treatment with second generation antipsychotics is associated with the exacerbation of pre-existing and emergence of new CVD and diabetes risk factors.

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“…Susce y cols reportaron, en un estudio de corte transversal, que el riesgo de obesidad y diabetes mellitus en pacientes con enfermedades mentales crónicas, principalmente esquizofrenia, duplicaba al de la población general 31 . Subramaniam y cols encontraron que la prevalencia de intolerancia a los hidratos de carbono y diabetes mellitus en pacientes con esquizofrenia, sin tratamiento con antipsicóticos atípicos, fue 30,9% y 16%, respectivamente.…”

Section: N V E S T I G a C I ó Nunclassified

Comparación del efecto de la terapia prolongada con antipsicóticos atípicos o convencionales en la incidencia de diabetes mellitus 2: Revisión sistemática y metaanálisis

2009

Rev. méd. Chile

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Obesity and Associated Complications in Patients With Severe Mental Illnesses

Cited by 118 publications

References 0 publications

Anthropometric Characteristics and the Burden of Altered Nutritional Status among Neuropsychiatric Patients at Zomba Mental Hospital in Zomba, Malawi

Anthropometric Characteristics and the Burden of Altered Nutritional Status among Neuropsychiatric Patients at Zomba Mental Hospital in Zomba, Malawi

Early treatment-related changes in diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk markers in first episode psychosis subjects

Comparación del efecto de la terapia prolongada con antipsicóticos atípicos o convencionales en la incidencia de diabetes mellitus 2: Revisión sistemática y metaanálisis

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