Obesity and Gastrointestinal Regulation of Food Intake

Abstract

ABSTRACT
 
 Objective: The aim is to explain the role of the gastrointestinal system in obesity and related complications by focusing on the biological mechanisms between obesity and the gastrointestinal system, based on the latest evidence in the literature.
 Methods: A systematic search of the literature in the PubMed and ScienceDirect databases was conducted.
 Results: Factors such as inflammation, mechanical space-occupying effect, microbiota, adipocyte peptides are involved in the development of obesity-related gastrointestinal system comorbidities. However, obesity occurs when the connection between the gastrointestinal tract and the brain changes. Signaling dysfunction disrupts the brain-gut axis, leading to increased frequency of food intake and excessive fat accumulation.
 Conclusion: Obesity increases the risk of developing gastrointestinal system disorders. However, the gastrointestinal tract and its pathophysiology play a key role in the regulation of food intake and subsequent progression to obesity.